The second sound shift poses

The second sound shift poses

1.which period covers the Old High German?

750-1050.

2.Differences between OHG and the West Germanic dialects?

OHG underwent the 2^nd sound shift.

3. Which dialects does OHG split?

Low and High Germanic dialects

4.How many basic successive phases were in 2^nd consonant shift?

3

5.What was the 1^st phase about?

Voiceless p,t,k when occurring between vowels,after vowels,between vowel or consonant shifted and corresponded to German double spirants.

6.What was the 2^nd phase about?

P,t,k became affricants.

7.what was the 3^rd phase about?

Voiced stops become voiceless ones.

8.Difference between 1^st and 2^nd sound shifts?

In 1^st sound shift voiceless stop became voiced and in the 2^nd sound shift returned its original value.

9.How were P,t,k shifted in Danish postvocalic?

B,d,g

10.What is the Gemination?

Doubling consonants.

11.In which place we can use Gemination?

It takes place only if the preceding sound is short.

12.What is the Holtzmann’s law?

Describes the process of doubling in PIE.

13.In which script the OHG texts were written?

In monastic scriptorias

14.When does the OHG texts golsse and translation for Latin texts appear?

In the later half of 8^th century.

15.Which consonant shift was started in 12^th century and is not finished yet?

Danish consonant shift

16.How were -y- and -w doubled in Proto-Germanic ?

-jj and -ww-.

17.When were nasal sonorants lost?

Before fricative consonants.

18.When were the OHG and 2^nd sound shift started?

As early as the 6^th century and complete by 750.

19.How was PGmc P changed in German?

ff or final f

20.How was PGmc T changed in German?

zz later ss or final z

21.How was the PGmc changed in German?

hh later ch

22.When was the Gemination not affected?

This changed didn’t affect in sonorant rr.

23.What is the Langobardic?

Elbe Germanic and upper Germanic dialects yhat shows early evidence for 2^nd sound shift.

24.What was the most important change in syntaxes?

Development of new peripharastic tenses to express future and passive.

25.How many short and long phonemecs had OHG?

6 short and 5 long.

26.How many diphongs had OHG?Which are they?

6 diphong:ie,iu,ei,uo,io,our.

27.What is the neutralized vowel?

Changed short vowel in Germanic language.

28.Which vowels were short in the Proto-Germanic?

i,e,a,o,u

29.Which vowels were long in yhe Proto-Germanic?

i:,e:,a:,o:,u:

30.How the word meh²ter changed into German?

Mutter.