The publication of this Handbook was supported by the Russian Federation

Treatment of tree seeds and saplings with a ‘Humi-K’ modified bio-organic fertilizer
Different  bio-organic  fertilizers  that  help  to  increase  the  quality  of   tree  saplings  and  obtain 
ecologically clean products were tested at the aforementioned EPU-2012 site and a forest nursery. 

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Soil salinity manаgement manual | Part I.Soil salinity management in the Eurasian Region 
The aim of  experiments was to initiate the mechanism of  soil fertility renewal and to increase 
the viability of  tree saplings (up to 90% in Kazakhstan). Young trees and shrubs were treated 
with bio-organic fertilizers, plant hormones (phytohormones) and growth stimulants of  the new 
‘Humi-K’ generation developed at the U.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of  Soil Science 
and  Agrochemistry,  phytohormones  synthesized  by  M.K.  Gilmanov  and  a  Japanese  product 
branded ‘Alinsandes’ [4]. Shrubs of  golden currant (Ribes aureum) were treated with the ‘Humi-K 
+ Vermicompost’, ‘Gilmanov nanobiostimulant’ and ‘Alinsandes’ growth biostimulants at the Ak 
Kaiyn forest nursery in 2012.
Recommendations
1.  Phosphogypsum and ash are required in high doses for the improvement of  Solonetz at the 
EPU-2012 site due to a high content of  alkali salts and an exchangeable sodium percentage 
(ESP) of  40-70%.
2.  A full dose of  ameliorators should be applied to soil to decrease the ESP from 40-70% to 
2-8%. The use of  a half  dose of  ameliorators produces an unstable neutralization effect and 
the ESP reduction to 10-45%, with widely varying exchangeable calcium content.
3.  The reclamation of  Solonetz is associated with the optimization of  sylvicultural plant 
nutrition. The use of  ‘Humi-K’ modified liquid bio-organic fertilizer is  recommended as 
an effective treatment, because it stimulates the reproduction of  ammonification bacteria, 
increases the contents of  nitrogen and humus and the numbers of  oligotrophic organisms 
in soil, i.e., optimizes the nitrogen balance by supporting free-living aerobic nitrogen fixing 
bacteria.
4.  The application of  ‘Humi-K’ fertilizer solution to soil improves the nutrition of  many forest 
plant species due to the activity of  dominant aerobic members of  soil microbial community.

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Chapter 5.Innovative methods and technologies for amelioration of salt-affected soils and agroforestry practices in marginal landscapes 
5.3. Precision agriculture systems on saline and alkaline soils