The publication of this Handbook was supported by the Russian Federation

Changes in the surface water quality including the following assessments:
 
– river discharge rate;
 
– the degree of  river flow control via dams and the total volume of  water resources;
 
– the volume of  water discharged from drainage and sewage networks
 
– the mineralization (salinity) and chemical composition of  river water;
 
– water quality in terminal elements of  river network (lakes and seas).
Changes in the groundwater quality  including  the  assessment  of   fluctuations  in  the 
groundwater table and salinity.