The process shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station

Electricity

The process shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. In general, the diagram can be broadly separated into day and night stages with the daylight stages involving the generation of electricity from a river and storage of water in a reservoir. At night the water flows back in the other direction towards an initial reservoir and the river.

The first stage of the process involves channeling the river into a high-level reservoir backed up by a dam. There is an intake area leading to the power station that is open during the day and closes at night. Water flows during the day to generate electricity through the power station turbines and the resulting electricity is sent to a national grid through power lines while the excess water runs to a low-level reservoir.

The reversible turbines that operate the generator during the day allow the station to pump the water in the low-level reservoir back into the high-level reservoir for use the next day.

Matchsticks

The diagram illustrates the various stages involved in making of matches. Overall, the matchsticks are cut, prepared, dried and passed through storage area which is later treated with some chemical before being packed.

At first, the log of wood is peeled using a peeler until a thin layer of sheet come out, called veneer. The chopper cuts these thin layers sheets into small sticks which are later soaked in ammonium phosphate tank. The sticks are placed in a circular dyer and rotated in a rotating drum. Afterwards, they are dumped in a hopper and pushed through the metal duct by a blower.

In the next stage, the matchsticks are gathered in a storage area from where they are arranged in a funnel. These matchsticks are inserted on to a perforated steel belt. As the belts move along, the tips of the matchsticks are dipped in a series of three tanks containing components such as paraffin wax, based chemicals, tip chemicals. Next, the belts loop up and down through a drying area. In the final step of the process, the matches are packaged.