The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy


a sus pies .  ‘ The young man took off the transparent helmet and  DROPPED it  at his feet



Download 2,41 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet57/145
Sana07.07.2022
Hajmi2,41 Mb.
#752931
1   ...   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   60   ...   145
Bog'liq
thesis

a sus pies


The young man
took off the transparent helmet and 
DROPPED
it 
at his feet
’ 
(28) A
RROJÉ
los cinco papeles 
por el balcón

(CdE:19-F, Estilo de Vida, Un) 
‘I 
THREW
the five papers 
through the balcony

The examples instantiate the central 
THROWING 
schema: a human 
INITIATOR
is 
physically causing a (small) physical object to move. This is the most common use with 
Graph 2
. Number of sentences with physical inanimate 
MOVANTS
for each 
throw-
verb (from a total of 100 
sentences per verb) 
 
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Physical inanimate MOVANT
arrojar
echar
lanzar
tirar


63 | 
arrojar
. Its preference for physical inanimate 
MOVANTS
is due to its increased use in the 
THROWING 
schema.
The verb 
tirar
, like 
arrojar
, also has a large amount of physical inanimate 
MOVANTS

And as with the previous verb, a majority of these express the notion of throwing an object.
(29) T
IRÓ
el cigarro para no fatigar sus pulmones. 
(CdE:19-OR,
Penitencia) 
‘S/he 
THREW
(away) the cigarette so as to not tire her/his lungs’ 
(30) Deja que 
TIRE
esas cáscaras 
en el basurero

(CdE:19-F, Los habitantes del abismo) 
‘Let me 
THROW
these peels 
in the trash
’ 
Tirar 
also
 
expresses a few other notions. The most common is the 
PULL
schema, 
which was mentioned in §4.2.1 above.
(CdE:19-F, Tradiciones del hogar, Segu…) 
(31) …sintió que le 
TIRABAN
del poncho. 
‘S/he felt that they 
PULLED
on his poncho’ 
(CdE:19-N, España:ABC) 
(32) …
TIRÉ
de su gabardina, pero no se movió. 
‘I 
PULLED
on his raincoat, but he didn’t move’ 
(CdE:19-F, El camino) 
(33) …jamás 
TIRABA
de navaja aunque sus adversarios lo hicieran. 
‘S/he would never 
PULL
a knife even if her/his adversaries did’ 
The meaning of pulling is usually accompanied by the use of a specific syntactic 
construction. The 
MOVANT
, the object that is pulled, is introduced by the preposition 
de 
‘from/of’. In a sense, (31) means that they were throwing him from his poncho (See §4.3.6).
Example (33) shows a fixed phrase that is built based on the 
PULL 
schema. The phrase 
tirar de navaja 
‘to pull a knife’ has a specific meaning of ‘taking out a weapon in order to use 
it’ (DELE). The meaning is derived from the 
PULL
schema semantically and syntactically, but 
the phrase has additional semantic and pragmatic connotations. 
Tirar
when combining with the noun 
puerta 
‘door’ means ‘to close violently’ 
(DELE)
15

(CdE:19-N, Cuba:CubaNet:98Jun12) 
(34) Agarró el bastón, echó una última hojeada al cuarto, 
TIRÓ
la puerta y se alejó 
renqueando. 
‘S/he grabbed the cane, took a last look at the room, 
SLAMMED
the door and walked 
away limping.’ 
When throwing, a person grabs hold of the object and applies force such that the 
object moves. This action also occurs in (34). The difference is that, since doors have hinges, 
15
DELE marks this as a regional use of the Caribbean area of America.


64 | 
the type of motion that the door undergoes is different from what normally happens when 
throwing an object.
One could argue, then, that there is no need to include the phrase 
tirar la puerta
‘to 
slam the door’ in the mental lexicon, since the meaning can be derived from the central 
meaning of ‘to throw’. Despite this, the phrase must be part of the speaker’s mental 
knowledge, because she must know that this meaning is only possible with 
tirar
and not with 
any of the other verbs. Where 
tirar la puerta
means ‘to slam the door’, 
lanzar la puerta
necessarily describes a situation where a person lifts a door and flings it through space.
Tirar
can also mean ‘to print’ (DELE), when combined with nouns referring to 
elements that are printed. 
(35) …
TIRÓ
copia tras copia de aquellas imágenes… 
(CdE:19-F, El rey de los ratones) 
‘S/he 
RAN OFF
copy after copy of those images’ 
(CdE:19-OR, Habla Culta: San Juan (PR):...) 
(36) Entonces, una vez se 
TIRA 
el esbozo, se pone en cursivas… 
‘Then, once the rough draft is 
PRINTED
, it is put in italics’ 
This meaning of 
tirar
could possibly be understood as a representation of the physical 
act of printing. That is, when printing, the final product moves out from the printer. This 
motion could potentially motivate the use of a caused motion verb.
Lanzar
had the fewest physical inanimate 
MOVANTS
. Still most of these referred to 
physically throwing an object.
(CdE:19-F, Estación imposible) 
(37) ….

Download 2,41 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   60   ...   145




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©hozir.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling

kiriting | ro'yxatdan o'tish
    Bosh sahifa
юртда тантана
Боғда битган
Бугун юртда
Эшитганлар жилманглар
Эшитмадим деманглар
битган бодомлар
Yangiariq tumani
qitish marakazi
Raqamli texnologiyalar
ilishida muhokamadan
tasdiqqa tavsiya
tavsiya etilgan
iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
asarlaringizni yuboring
o'zingizning asarlaringizni
Iltimos faqat
faqat o'zingizning
steierm rkischen
landesregierung fachabteilung
rkischen landesregierung
hamshira loyihasi
loyihasi mavsum
faolyatining oqibatlari
asosiy adabiyotlar
fakulteti ahborot
ahborot havfsizligi
havfsizligi kafedrasi
fanidan bo’yicha
fakulteti iqtisodiyot
boshqaruv fakulteti
chiqarishda boshqaruv
ishlab chiqarishda
iqtisodiyot fakultet
multiservis tarmoqlari
fanidan asosiy
Uzbek fanidan
mavzulari potok
asosidagi multiservis
'aliyyil a'ziym
billahil 'aliyyil
illaa billahil
quvvata illaa
falah' deganida
Kompyuter savodxonligi
bo’yicha mustaqil
'alal falah'
Hayya 'alal
'alas soloh
Hayya 'alas
mavsum boyicha


yuklab olish