The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy



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thesis

 
Graph 4
. Number of sentences with nonphysical 
MOVANTS
for each 
throw-
verb. 
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Nonphysical MOVANT
arrojar
echar
lanzar
tirar


76 | 
The 
MOVANT
that appears with the most verbs, three in fact, is the noun 
mirada 
‘look’. It occurs with 
arrojar

lanzar
and 
echar

(CdE:19-F, Con el Ritmo Tempestuoso de...) 
(71) 

ARROJÓ
una mirada sigilosa 
a su alrededor
… 
‘S/he 
TOOK
a stealthy look 
to her/his surroundings

(72) 

ECHÉ
una mirada 
en torno

(CdE:19-F, Casa del Mono, La) 
‘I 
TOOK
a look 
around (me)
’ 
(73) 
Jimena
LANZÓ
una mínima mirada 
a Miguel
… 
(CdE:19-F, Estudiar Medicina) 

Jimena
TOOK
a slight look 
at Miguel
’ 
All three verbs express the act of throwing a look at someone or in a certain direction. 
In this case, looks are conceived of as elements that travel through space. A look that 
originates at Jimena, for example, travels through space until it arrives at Miguel (73). The 
conceptualization of traveling or moving is contributed by the 
throw
-verb.
An interesting detail from the data is that though all three verbs appear with 
mirada

‘look’ only 
echar
appears with other nouns that mean ‘(a) look’. These include:
(74) … uno 
ECHA
la vista atrás… 
(CdE:19-OR, Habla Culta: Sevilla: M9) 
‘One moves their sights back(wards)’ 
(CdE:19-F, Novios de antaño (1930-1940) 
(75) …
ECHABA
reojos censores sobre el chico… 
‘S/he threw critical sidelong looks at the boy’ 
(CdE:19-F, Los habitantes del abismo) 
(76) 
La mujer
no resistió la curiosidad y 
ECHÓ
un vistazo al contenido del baulito. 
‘The woman didn’t resist her curiosity and took a peek at the contents of the little 
trunk.’ 
Echar
combines with various kinds of nouns referring to looks, while 
arrojar 
and 
lanzar
only appear with a single noun. In a sense, 
echar 
is more productive than the others, 
allowing for multiple words in 
MOVANT 
position. This difference in productivity can be seen 
as a result of differences in salience. A schema for ‘throwing looks’ occurs with all three 
verbs (
arrojar, lanzar 
and 
echar
) but it is more salient and productive with the latter verb.

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