THE ESSAYS OF WARREN BUFFETT
157
dent regretfully tell you that his board of directors required this
change or that (or possibly required sale of your business to fi-
nance some new interest of the parent's).
It's only fair to tell you that you would be no richer after the
sale than now. The ownership of your business already makes you
wealthy and soundly invested. A sale would change the form of
your wealth, but it wouldn't change its amount.
If
you sell, you will
have exchanged a 100%-owned valuable asset that you understand
for another valuable asset-cash-that will probably be invested in
small pieces (stocks) of other businesses that you understand less
well. There is often a sound reason to sell but, if the transaction is
a fair one, the reason is not so that the seller can become wealthier.
I will not pester you; if you have any possible interest in sell-
ing, I would appreciate your call. I would be extraordinarily proud
to have Berkshire, along with the key members of your family, own
____; I believe we would do very well financially; and I believe
you would have just as much fun running the business over the
next 20 years as you have had during the past 20.
Sincerely,
/s/ Warren E. Buffett
V.
ACCOUNTING AND TAXATION
To those of you who are uninterested in accounting, I apolo-
gize for this dissertation. I realize that many of you do not pore
over our figures, but instead hold Berkshire primarily because you
know that: (1) Charlie and I have the bulk of our money in Berk-
shire; (2) we intend to run things so that your gains or losses are in
direct proportion to ours; (3) the record has so far been satisfac-
tory. There is nothing necessarily wrong with this kind of "faith"
approach to investing. Other shareholders, however, prefer an
"analysis" approach and we want to supply the information they
need. In our own investing, we search for situations in which both
approaches give us the same answer.
44
A.
A Satire on Accounting Shenanigans
45
u.S. STEEL ANNOUNCES SWEEPING MODERNIZATION
SCHEME*
Myron
C.
Taylor, Chairman of U.S. Steel Corporation, today
announced the long awaited plan for completely modernizing the
world's largest industrial enterprise. Contrary to expectations, no
changes will be made in the company's manufacturing or selling
policies. Instead, the bookkeeping system is to be entirely re-
vamped. By adopting and further improving a number of modern
accounting and financial devices the corporation's earning power
will be amazingly transformed. Even under the subnormal condi-
tions of 1935, it is estimated that the new bookkeeping methods
would have yielded a reported profit of close to $50 per share on
the common stock. The scheme of improvement is the result of a
comprehensive survey made by Messrs. Price, Bacon, Guthrie &
Colpitts; it includes the following six points:
1.
Writing down of Plant Account to Minus $1,000,000,000.
2.
Par Value of Common Stock to be reduced to 1¢.
3.
Payment of all wages and salaries in option warrants.
4.
Inventories to be carried at $1.
5.
Preferred Stock to be replaced by non-interest bearing
bonds redeemable at 50% discount.
6.
A $1,000,000,000 Contingency Reserve to be established.
44
[Introductory paragraph, 1988.]
45
[1990 Appendix
A.]
*
An unpublished satire by Ben Graham, written in 1936 and given by the author to
Warren Buffett in 1954.
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