Termez institute of agrotechnology and innovative development faculty of agrobiology

TERMEZ INSTITUTE OF AGROTECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

FACULTY OF AGROBIOLOGY

Phase 2nd Quarantine of plants and agricultural products

Group 207 Requirement

Danabayev Azizbek

TERMEZ – 2021

APICULTURE

One of the branches of agriculture is the production of honey, beeswax and other products (bee's milk, bee glue, bee venom, etc.), as well as feeding them for pollination to increase the productivity of agricultural crops. Archaeological evidence from the Aran Cave in Spain suggests that A. existed as far back as the 10th and 5th millennia BC. Religious books, such as the Torah and the Bible, also provide information about A. In 1814, the Russian beekeeper P. I. Prokopovich invented the rum beehive, and in 1865 the Czech beekeeper F. Grushka discovered the beekeeper, which became a lucrative industry in many countries. From the 1920s onwards, private A. farms emerged.A. Widespread on all continents. According to the United Nations, in the early 1970s there were about 40 million beehives (families) in the world. In the world, A. is mainly developed in 3 directions: honey production; pollination of crops; breeding queen bees of the best bee species for distribution to other farms (mother bee farms) and breeding bee families. Especially developed in Russia, Ukraine, USA, Mexico, Turkey, France. Founded in 1887, Api-Mondia International Beekeeping Organization has been making a significant contribution to the development of international relations among beekeepers. This organization holds symposiums, congresses, exhibitions dedicated to A., and since 1966 has been publishing a special international magazine "Apiacta". Although beekeeping products have long been known in Uzbekistan as food and medicine, bees feeding in boxes began in the second half of the 19th century. The first bee families were brought to Turkestan in 1841 from the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan. In the second half of the 19th century, Central Russian bees, Caucasian gray mountain bees, Ukrainian steppe bees and others were brought to Turkestan. there was a po-population of bees that differed from their ancestors in economic characteristics. There are 154,000 beehives in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Specialized beekeeping has been established. The Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources has 48 beekeeping farms (88,000 bee families), including the Honey Association (1975-96). There are also beekeeping enterprises in the forestry enterprises of the republic, as well as in the company "Uzmevasabzavotuzumsanoatholding". Private beekeepers with 20-50 (90%) or 50-150 (10%) boxes of bees are also engaged in beekeeping. Honey is harvested twice a season - in May-June (spring) and August-September (summer). In 1996, 17.1 thousand consoles were produced in 187 tons of wax. The republic has the capacity to produce more than 20,000 tons of honey a year. Bees are raised mainly on a mobile basis. Bees are used to pollinate agricultural crops (cotton, hemp, hemp, seed alfalfa, etc.). Pollination by bees has been found to increase cotton yields by an average of 5.1 to 5.9 s / c. Ibrahim Jorayev.