Technology Translate the text and write the new words

Technology

1. 
   Translate the text and write the new words
   

What is technology?
Etymologically the term technology comes from the combination of these two Greek morphemes tékhnē, (meaning “art”) and ‎-logía (meaning “study”). It refers to the collection of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services or the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation.
The human species' use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. The prehistoric discovery of how to control fire and the later Agricultural Revolution increased the available sources of food. Likewise, the invention of the wheel helped humans to travel in and control their environment. Later developments in historic times, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet, have lessened physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact freely on a global scale. The steady progress of military technology has brought weapons of ever-increasing destructive power.

The Greeks view about technology

Technology has been a subject of discussion in philosophy since the Greeks. The Greek philosopher Democritus, for example, believed that technology is an imitation of nature. House-building and weaving were first invented by imitating swallows and spiders building their nests and nets, respectively.

Contemporary view about technology

Today, technology is a subject of debate because it is considered to be a double-edged sword. While it has helped humanity in extending its potential with outstanding inventions, it is nonetheless threatening humankind through some other destructive ones. In addition to polluting the earth in unprecedented ways, wars have become more and more devastating due to technological inventions. Ethical dimensions of recent technological developments, such as DNA engineering, have become a focal point of questioning and discussion. Philosophical debates have arisen over the use of technology, with disagreements over whether technology improves the human condition or worsens it.
To make matters worse, a consensus definition of technology has become more difficult to find due to recent evolution in science and its applications. It is especially confusing to decide whether technology refers to the machines (or more precisely the hardware), the rules that govern or make them work, the system that operates them or the different applications of science that are related to them. What is sure is that technology has shaped societies and adapted itself to people's changing needs.

Homework
1. Texnologiya nima?

Etimologik jihatdan texnologiya atamasi ushbu ikkita yunoncha tékhnē ("san'at" ma'nosini anglatadi) va -logía ("o'rganish" ma'nosini anglatadi) morfemalarining birikmasidan kelib chiqadi. Bu tovarlarni ishlab chiqarishda yoki xizmatlar ko'rsatishda ishlatiladigan texnikalar, ko'nikmalar, usullar va jarayonlarni yig'ish yoki ilmiy tadqiqotlar kabi maqsadlarni amalga oshirishni anglatadi.
Inson turlarining texnologiyadan foydalanishi tabiiy resurslarni oddiy vositalarga aylantirishdan boshlandi. Yong'inni qanday boshqarishni ilgarigi kashfiyot va keyinchalik Qishloq xo'jaligi inqilobi mavjud bo'lgan oziq-ovqat manbalarini ko'paytirdi. Xuddi shu tarzda, g'ildirak ixtirosi odamlarga sayohat qilishda va atrofini boshqarishda yordam berdi. Keyinchalik tarixiy davrlardagi o'zgarishlar, shu jumladan bosmaxona, telefon va Internet aloqalardagi jismoniy to'siqlarni kamaytirdi va odamlarga global miqyosda erkin aloqada bo'lishga imkon berdi. Harbiy texnologiyalarning izchil taraqqiyoti tobora kuchayib borayotgan halokatli kuch qurollarini olib keldi.
Yunonlar texnologiya haqida qarashadi
Yunonlar buyon texnika falsafada munozara mavzusi bo'lib kelgan. Masalan, yunon faylasufi Demokrit texnologiya tabiatga taqlid qilish deb hisoblagan. Uy qurish va to'quv birinchi navbatda o'z uyalarini va to'rlarini qurayotgan qaldirg'ochlar va o'rgimchaklarga taqlid qilish orqali ixtiro qilingan.
Texnologiya haqida zamonaviy ko'rinish
Bugungi kunda texnologiya munozaralarga sabab bo'lmoqda, chunki u ikki qirrali qilich deb hisoblanadi. Bu ajoyib imkoniyatga ega bo'lgan insoniyatga o'z salohiyatini oshirishda yordam bergan bo'lsa-da, baribir, boshqa ba'zi halokatli ixtirolar orqali insoniyatga tahdid solmoqda. Texnologik ixtirolar tufayli Yerni misli ko'rilmagan yo'llar bilan ifloslanishidan tashqari, urushlar tobora ko'proq halokatli bo'lib qoldi. So'nggi texnologik ishlanmalarning axloqiy o'lchovlari, masalan DNK muhandisligi, savollar va munozaralarning markaziy nuqtasiga aylandi. Texnologiyalardan foydalanish borasida falsafiy bahs-munozaralar yuzaga keldi, texnologiya inson ahvolini yaxshilaydimi yoki yomonlashtiradimi, degan kelishmovchiliklar yuzaga keldi.
Eng yomoni, ilm-fan va uning qo'llanilishidagi so'nggi evolyutsiya tufayli texnologiyaning konsensus ta'rifini topish qiyinlashdi. Texnologiya mashinalarga (yoki aniqrog'i texnik vositalarga), ularni boshqaradigan yoki ularni ishlashga majbur qiladigan qoidalarga, ularni boshqaradigan tizimga yoki ular bilan bog'liq bo'lgan fanning turli xil qo'llanmalariga ishora qiladimi, degan qarorga kelish, ayniqsa, chalkash. Shubhasizki, texnologiya jamiyatlarni shakllantirdi va o'zini odamlarning o'zgaruvchan ehtiyojlariga moslashtirdi.\
2.Comprehension

1. 
   It is easy to provide a satisfactory definition of technology.
   a.  True
   b.  False
   
2. 
   Aristotle considered technology as merely an imitation of nature.
   a.  True
   b.  False
   
3. 
   Undoubtedly, technological development made human life better.
   a.  True
   b.  False
   
4. 
   Technological development is not limited to humans.
   a.  True
   b.  False