Teaching Prepared by Caroline W. Ndirangu

XIV. synthesis of the Module
Congratulations for completing this module pedagogy.This module has intro-
duced you to pedagogy or the teaching methodology. These are the theoretical 
basis of learning, nature of the teachers and learners, planning for teaching and 
learning interpreting of the syllabus, scheming and lesson planning, preparing 
for micro-teaching , classroom organization, discipline and conflict resolution in 
a classroom and finally assessment and evaluation.  
XV. summative evaluation of the module
1.   a.  Describe the factors that affect the validity tests in 150-200 words.
   b. In your opinion are the examinations offered in your country for Sum-
mative evaluation valid and reliable. Explain in 400-500 words.
2.    Outline the different ways of introducing and concluding lessons in 500-
600 words
3.    Discuss in 300-400 words the issues or factors that influence the teacher’s 
choice of teaching methods.
4.   a. Enumerate the characteristics of a good question 100-150 words
 
b. Discuss the roles that questions play in the teaching and learning process 
in 300-400   words
5.  Critically examine the role of Bloom’s Taxonomy in the writing of objecti-
ves, pedagogy and test preparation and evaluation of the learners in 500-
600 words.
6.   Explain in 400-450 words why it is important to consider the following 
characteristics of learners in selecting instructional strategies, content and 
resources.
•  Cognitive characteristics
•  Psychosocial characteristics
•  Physiological characteristics
•  Psychomotor characteristics

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7.  Explain why the process of developing objectives is one of the most critical 
activities in instructional design in 250-300 words.
8  Prepare a four week scheme of work from any of your elective teaching 
subjects
9.   Prepare a 40 minute lesson from any of your elective teaching subjects refer 
to your syllabus and relevant reference books. Use the lesson plan format 
provided in the module.
11.  Discuss the constructivist’s theory of learning and its application in modern   
day teaching and learning in 900-1000 words. 
12. What is micro-teaching? Discuss the main areas of a trainee teacher’s apprai-
sal process in 900-1000 words
 13. Discuss the purpose of assessment and evaluation to both the teacher and 
the learner in 700-800 words
15. What are the roles of the learner and a teacher in a learner-centered 
classroom? Discuss in 700-800 words
16. What are the major challenges teacher’s faces in keeping discipline in a 
classroom? How can they overcome them? Discuss in 800-1000 words.
17. Discuss the merits and demerits of different the kinds of tests in1000-
1500words.
18. Discuss the guiding principles of formulating an effective assessment tool in 
400-500 words.
19. Describe the different approaches to teaching in 1000-1500 words.
20. What challenges does a teacher face in creating a conducive classroom envi-
ronment for learning? Explain in 500-600 words.
Go through this module again the answers to this summative evaluation are 
contained in the readings. It will also give you a chance to revise the contents 
contained in the module. 

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XVI. References
NORTEL: Assess Instructional Needs.
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Academic Behaviors Bloom’s  Taxonomy of Academic 
Behaviors 
http://www.west.asu.edu/westvu/spe311/blooms.html
Change issues in curriculum and instruction. The teacher as a learner  and 
the learner as a teacher 
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Change_Issues_
in_Curriculum_and_Instruction/The_Te
 Date 17/11/2007
Teacher  
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teacher
.Date: 16/11/07
The teacher as a Learner and the Learner as a Teacher 
file:///E:/Teachers%20as%20learners.htm
Bishop, G. (1985). Curriculum Development 
London,   Macmillan publishers.
McGilly, K.(1994)  Classroom Lessons 
U.S.A, Library of Congress
Farrant, J.S (1964).Principals and Practice of Education 
Bristol, Longman.
Anderson,L.W (1995).  International Encyclopedia of Teaching and Teacher 
Education.2
nd
 edition Cambridge U.K. Cambridge University Press

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XVII. Main author of the Module 
Name:   Caroline W. Ndirangu
E-mail: [e-mail]
Date of birth. 12
th
 April 1957
Status:   Mother to a son Peter Ngabura and a daughter Faith Wanjira.
Academic background:  B.ED   (Science). University of Nairobi (1981)
M.ED (Curriculum Studies) University of Nairobi (2006)

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