Teach english new edition r

Verb complementation
This describes what words and kinds of words we can use after particular verbs. Some verbs, 
for example, are followed by infinitives (‘I can swim’, ‘He should go’), some are followed by 
‘to’ + infinitive (‘I like to swim’, ‘He tried to save her’), some are followed by participles (‘I 
don’t enjoy running’), and some b y ‘that’ + a new clause (‘He promised that he would finish 
the work on tim e’). There are m any other complementation patterns, too. Some verbs can 
be followed by more than one grammatical pattern.
EXAMPLES
I like 
to watch
TV/I Nke 
watching
TV.
I enjoy 
watching
TV. (not 
*1
enjoy to watch TV)
I must 
go.
(not *1 must to go)
I explained the problem 
to
him. (not *1 explained him the problem)
She suggested 
that I train
as a teacher, (not *She suggested me to train as a teacher)
Adverbs
Adverbs 
and adverbial phrases (phrases of m ore than one word that act like adverbs) 
modify verbs. Thus time adverbs (‘early’, ‘late’, ‘yesterday m orning’) say when the action 
takes place, adverbs of m anner (‘He played well’, ‘She ran quickly’, ‘He spoke fiercely’) say 
how the action happens, adverbs o f place (‘They work upstairs’, ‘I live in Cambridge’, ‘I’ll see 
you at hom e’) say where the action happens, and adverbs of frequency (‘sometimes’, ‘often’, 
‘never’, ‘every now and then’, ‘twice a week’) say how often the action happens.
Adverb position
It is im portant to know which slots (see page 60) adverbs can fit into. They usually appear 
at the end of sentences, but they can sometimes be used at the beginning or in the middle.
Most frequency adverbs (‘always’, ‘usually’, ‘often’, ‘sometimes’, etc) can usually go at the 
beginning, middle or end of a sentence, e.g. ‘Sometimes he rings me up in the m orning’, 
‘He sometimes rings me up in the m orning’, ‘He rings me up in the m orning sometimes’. 
However, ‘never’ is an exception since it can only occur in the middle position (except when 
starting more literary sentences, in which case it provokes a subject-verb order change, e.g. 
‘Never have I been in such a difficult situation’).
Adverbs do not usually come between a verb and its object. We say ‘I usually have 
sandwiches for lunch’, but not 
‘*1
have usually sandwiches for lunch’.
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Describing language