Tashkent university of information technologies named after muhammad al-kwarizmi abdiyeva saida

Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous.

When we talk about things that happen in period of time from the past up to now, we often use the present perfect simple (have + past participle) and present perfect continuous (have + been + -ing).

­ Present perfect simple

We use the present perfect simple to talk about completed actions (but we do not say when they happened):

I have never been to China. He has made several films since last year.

I have found your phone!

When we use the present perfect simple, we focus on a completed activity or the result of the activity:

She is ready. She has studied everything. (We are interested in the result: She is ready.)

He has smoked the whole pack!

We use the present perfect simple to say

how much or how many:

I have met him 5 times. How many books has he written? How much money has he made since last year?

Present perfect continuous

We use the present perfect continuous to talk about unfinished activities that started in the past and are still in progress in the present:

I have been working in London since last year. I don’t know many people in this city. I have not been living here for very long.

We can use the present perfect continuous to focus on a recent activity. It is not important if the activity is finished or unfinished:

She will be ready. She has been studying very hard. (We are interested in the activity of studying.)

His clothes smell. Has he been smoking?

We often use the present perfect continuous to say how long:

I have been writing for two hours. How long have you been standing there?