Tashkent university of information technologies named after muhammad al-kwarizmi abdiyeva saida

5B. READING

Computer system

A computer system is a combination of various components. It performs the system functions such as input, processing, output, storage and control. A computer system consists of the following components:

1. Hardware

2. Software

3. Human ware

4. Firmware

5. Bridge ware

1. Hardware

The physical components of the computer, such as electrical, electronic and mechanical unit are known as the hardware of the computer. That is, the input units, output units and CPU are called hardware. Thus hardware is the equipment involved in the function of a computer. It consists of the components that can be physically handled. The function of these components is typically divided into three main categories: input, output, and storage. Components in these categories connect to microprocessors, output and storage. Components in these categories connect to microprocessors, specifically, the computer's central processing unit (CPU), the electronic circuitry that provides the computational ability and control of the computer, via wires or circuitry called a bus.

2. Software:

The computer performs operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division only when the user instructs it to do so. The user issues instructions and the CPU acts in accordance with the instructions. The sets of instructions, which control the sequence of operations, are known as programs, and collectively programs are called software. The software can be broadly classified into two types. They are:

a. System Software

b. Application software

3. Human ware:

The man- machine interface is called a human ware. The people who work with the computer are collectively called the human ware or livewire.

4. Firmware:

The computer programs permanently stored in ROM or PROM are called firmware. These programs are provided by hardware manufacturer along with the computers. Generally these are booting programs which help in the starting of a computer. Such programs cannot be erased or overwritten.