Ta’lim sohasi: 110000 Pedagogika Ta’lim yo`nalishi

-ation	V  N	the result of X’ing
realization
-er	V  N	one who X’s		teacher
-ing	V  N V  A	the act of X’ing in the process of X’ing		playing the sleeping girl
-ion	V  N	the result or act of X’ing		graduation
-ive	V  A	having the property of doing X		impressive
-ment	V  N	the act or result of X’ing		achievement
-al	N  A	pertaining to X		legal
-ial	N  A	pertaining to X
-ian	N  N N  A	pertaining to X		politician Russian
-ic	N  A	having the property of X		organic
-ize	N  V	put in X		hospitalize
-less	N  A	without X		jobless
-ous	N  A	the property of having or being X		curious
-ate	A  V	make X		activate
-ity	A  N	the result of being X		similarity
-ize	A  V	make X		modernize
-ly	A  Adv	in an X manner		silently
-ness	A  N	the state of being X		kindness
Prefixes
ex-	N  N	former X		ex-wife
in-	A  A	not X		incompetent
un-	A  A V  V	not X reverse X		unhappy undo
re-	A  A	X again		revisit

Each line in this table can be considered a word-formation rule, which predicts how new words may be formed. Thus, if there is a rule whereby the suffix –ment may be added to the verb achieve, resulting in a noun, denoting the act or result of achieving, then we can predict that if the suffix –ment is added to certain verbs, the result will be a new noun.

These rules may be used to analyze words as well as to form new words. Derivation can also create multiple levels of word structure. Although it may seem complex, correctional, unkindness, and organizational have structures consistent with the rules in the table (above).


Organizational

In the example with the word unkindness, the observation here is that the prefix un- readily combines with adjectives before it converts to a noun. We see from these examples that complex words have structures consisting of hierarchically organized constituents.

5.1.1 Types of Derivational Affixes
Derivational affixes are subdivided into two groups: class-changing and class-maintaining. Class-changing derivational affixes change the word class to which they are added. Thus, the verb achieve and the suffix –able create an adjective achievable. However, class-maintaining derivational affixes do not change the word class but change only the meaning of the word; for example, the noun adult and the suffix –hood create another noun adulthood, but now it is an abstract noun rather than a concrete noun. Class-changing affixes, when added to the stems, immediately change the class of the words, making them alternatively as a verb, a noun, an adverb, or an adjective. Therefore, derivational affixes determine or govern the word class of the stem. For instance, nouns may be derived from verbs or adjectives; adjectives may be derived from verbs and nouns; adverbs -- from either adjectives or nouns; and verbs may be derived from nouns or adjectives. English class-changing derivations are mostly suffixes. Noun-derivational affixes, which are also called nominalizers, are the following:


Verb-derivational affixes, also known as verbalizers, are used to coin verbs from other classes of words. Although verbs are used to form other classes of words, they are not readily formed from other parts of speech. The following derivational affixes build verbs from nouns and adjectives.

Adjective derivational affixes, or adjectivizers, are used to form adjectives mostly from the nouns and rarely from the verbs.




Adverb-derivational affixes, or adverbializers, are affixes which help form adverbs frequently from adjective and rarely from the nouns.

Class-maintaining derivations refer to those derivations which do not change the class of the stem to which they are added but change its meaning. Unlike class-changing derivations, which are mainly suffixes, class-maintaining derivations are prefixes and suffixes.
Noun patterns:

Verb patterns:

Adjective patterns:

English adverbs are not used to form words of other classes; therefore, there are no adverb patterns, as nouns, verbs, and nouns have.
Used literature

1. 
   Мўминов A. English Lexicology. T.2006
   
2. 
   Гинсбург. Р.Й., Хидекил.С.С.,Князева.Г.Й.,Санкин.А.А.; A course in Modern
   
3. 
   English Lexicology «М»1979й
   
4. 
   Арнолд.И.В. The English Word «М»1986.
   

Маъруза № 9
Технологик харита

Иш жараёни боскичлари вақти	Фаолиятнинг мазмуни
	Ўқитувчи	Талаба
1 босқич. Кириш (15 дақиқа)	1.1.Ўқув фанининг номини айтади, предметнинг дастлабки умумий тасаввурини беради. Услубий ва ташкилий томонлари, талабалар билимларини баҳолаш мезонларини ва фан структурасини таништиради. 1.2.Мазкур фаннинг ўрганиладтган мавзулари бўйича назарий ва амалий машғулотлар, уларнинг узвийлиги хақида қисқача маълумот бериди, Асосий адабиётлар рўйхати билан таништиради.	1.1.Тинглайди ва ёзади 1.2.Мавзу номини ёзиб оладилар. 1.3.Саволларга жавоб беради.
2 босқич Асосий жарён (55 дақиқа)	2.1. Маъруза режасининг барча саволлари бўйича визуал материални намойиш қилади. 2.2.Мавзунинг асосий жойларини ёзиб олишларини сўрайди. 2.3.Фаоллаштирувчи савол жавоб ўтказади. Жавобларни тўғрилайди ва хулосалайди. 2.4. Талабаларга эркин фикр айтишга рухсат берилади ва уларни рағбатлантиради.	2.1.Тинглайди, ўрганади, ёзади, аниқлайди, саволлар беради. 2.2.Асосий жойларни ёзади. 2.3.Саволларга жавоб беради. 2.4 Ҳарбир таянч тушунча ва ибораларни муҳокама қилади. Ёзади.Жавоб беради.
3 босқич Якуний босқич ақиқа)	3.1.Мавзу бўйича умумий хулоса қилади. 3.2.Талабаларнинг билим ва кўникмаларини баҳолайди. 3.3. Навбатдвги машғулотга кўриладиган масалани эълон қилади ва мустақил тайёргарлик кўришни сўрайди. 3.4. Талабаларга уйга вазифа қилиб: 1. Келгуси мавзу эълон қилинади ва унга тайёрланиб келиш айтилади. 2. Ўзини-ўзи назорат қилиш учун саволлар берилади. 3. Тавсия қилинган адабиётларни ўрганишга беради.	3.1.Тинглайди. 3.2.Мустақил ишлаш учун топшириқларни ёзиб олади.