T. C. Dokuz eylüL ÜNİversitesi EĞİTİm biLİmleri enstiTÜSÜ yabanci diller eğİTİMİ anabiLİm dali

 

2. 2. 2.  Littlewood’s View of Oral Interaction 

 

For defining activities, Littlewood makes another categorization. He divides the 

activities into two, pre-communicative activities and communicative activities, and 

then subdivides each into two. Thus, he suggests four major kinds of language 

learning activities. 

 

 

 

Figure 2.2. The Language Learning Exercises Diagram 

 

 

1-  Pre-communicative activities can be called as preparatory activities which 

prepare the learners to communicate. Their target is making the students use the 

language with desired fluency without thinking of giving the message accurately. 

 

“In pre-communicative activities, the teacher isolates specific 

elements of knowledge or skill which compose communicative ability, 

and provides the learners with opportunities to practice them 

separately. The learners are thus being trained  in the part-skills of 

communication rather than practising the total skill to be acquired”. 

(Bygate 1991: 61)