Subject and Aims of the History of English. Chronological divisions in the History of English


An example of Middle English by Chaucer



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An example of Middle English by Chaucer

Modern English Early Modern English (1500-1800)

  • Towards the end of MidE, a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started
  • From the 16th century contact with many peoples from around the world + the Renaissance of Classical learning => many new words and phrases entered the language.

Hamlet's famous "To be, or not to be" lines, written in Early Modern English by Shakespeare.

Late Modern English (1800-Present)

  • The main difference between Early ModE and Late ModE is vocabulary.
  • Late ModEhas many more words, arising from two principal factors:
  • firstly, the Industrial Revolution and technology created a need for new words;
  • secondly, the British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earth's surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries.

Henry Sweet, an outstanding English linguist


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