Students Improve in Reading Comprehension by Learning How to Teach Reading Strategies. An Evidence-based Approach for Teacher Education



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Pretest
Posest
RT
Intervenon Group
CG
Control Group
October 2013
November 2013 
unl January 2014
January 2014
Figure 1.
Schematic overview of the study design.
204
Psychology Learning & Teaching 16(2)


The social validity of the RT program was measured at posttest only. A total of 84% of
the students said they would use RT to improve the reading skills of their primary school
students in their own future lessons. Further, 8% said they would not and 8% said they did
not know yet.
Univariate inferential statistical analyses
The effectiveness of our intervention was measured with students’ reading achievements at
posttest compared to pretest. We expected that participants who took part in a university
course intervention where they learned how to apply the RT approach would show better
results in reading comprehension and reading speed than students who took part in a uni-
versity course that was similar in content but did not give them the opportunity to apply RT.
As it can be seen in the descriptive statistics (see Table 2), the means of the dependent
variables for the students in both conditions were average at pretest (
M
ranging from 53
to 55). At posttest, the mean values of the dependent variables increased to above average at
least in the RT condition (
M
>
60).
Furthermore, we applied inferential statistical analyses. We compared the two conditions
in repeated measures analyses of variance to calculate the main (time) and interaction
(condition) effects. Moreover, we determined Cohen’s
d
to describe the standardized mean
difference between RT and CG. To calculate effect sizes, we first calculated the standardized
Table 2.
Means and Standard Deviations for Dependent Variables by
Measurement Occasion and Condition
Pretest
Posttest
M
SD
M
SD
Reading comprehension
RT
53.22
10.05
62.91
8.87
CG
56.71
11.58
60.61
10.61
Reading speed
RT
55.70
12.79
68.03
13.44
CG
54.64
9.51
59.89
8.34
Note: RT
¼
intervention group with RT training; CG
¼
control group.
Table 1.
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