Student’s Book All the written activities in this book must be

Say it!
3. 
Listen and repeat.
The sounds 
/tʃ/
 - 
/ʃ/
 - 
/dʒ/
▪
/tʃ/
: tea
ch
er
, 
ch
eck
, 
ch
oose
▪
/ʃ/
: 
sh
ifts
, 
sh
oes
, 
fa
sh
ion
, 
▪
/dʒ/
: wa
g
e
, 
disadvanta
g
e
, 
j
oin
a. 
Workers 
jo
in a cooperative for better wa
g
es and conditions. 
b. 
Many fa
sh
ionable 
sh
oes and 
sh
irts are made in sweat
sh
ops.
c. Ch
inese products are much 
ch
eaper than local ones.
21

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© MEN Colombia
65
UNIT 2
Modu
le 2
 Read
4. 
Read each situation. Then, in pairs discuss if the situation is positive or negative:
a. 
for you.
b.
for Colombia’s economy. 
1. 
A local car factory in 
your city has closed. 
The company that 
owns it has opened a 
new factory abroad, 
where salaries and 
production costs are
cheaper. 
4. 
You want to buy a pair 
of shoes from your 
local shoe shop. But 
you have found them 
in an online shop from 
the United States, 
where they are much 
cheaper.
2. 
A new multinational 
company has opened 
an office in your city. 
Lots of people have 
started to work there. 
It has also started 
building a new school.
5. 
A factory abroad has 
collapsed, and lots 
of the workers inside 
have died. Inside the 
building, the employees 
made clothes for 
Europe, and North and 
South America. 
3. 
Your friend plays in a 
band. It has become 
really popular on 
the Internet, and 
people from Europe, 
Africa and Asia are 
downloading their 
music.
6. 
A foreign gold mining 
company has invested 
in Colombia. It will 
create jobs, but it is 
cutting down trees in 
the rainforest, in order 
to build a gold mine.
glossary
▪
band: 
grupo
▪
download: 
descargar
▪
collapse: 
derrumbarse
▪
invest: 
invertir
▪
cut down: 
talar
▪
gold mine: 
mina de oro
5. 
Read the situations again. Which situation:
a. 
might be a sweatshop?
b. 
is bad for local shops and businesses? (2 situations)
c. 
will provide jobs for local people? (2 situations)
d. 
is bad for the environment?
e. 
is benefiting the local community in other ways?

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Lesson 5
5
Focus on Language
© MEN Colombia
66
6. 
Look at the following sentences. Choose the correct answers in a–c.
1. 
A local car factory in your city has closed. 
2. 
You have found some shoes in an online shop. 
3. 
A new multinational company has opened an office in your city. 
a.
This tense is called the 
present simple / present perfect
. We use it when an action in the past 
has a result in the present. We 
say / don’t say
exactly when it happened. 
b.
We form it with 
have / be
+ past participle.
c.
Regular past participles end in 
-ing / -ed
.
7. 
Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. 
Example: Maria has started
 a new job in a cooperative. (start) 
a. 
The employees 
for a meeting with their boss because they want a better salary. (ask)
b. 
Pablo 
jobs because he didn’t get sick pay in his last job. (change)
c. 
Sorry, I can’t go for a coffee because I 
my break. (finish)
d. 
A big oil company 
in our city, and there will be lots of new jobs. (invest)
Listen
8. 
Look at the pictures and descriptions, and listen to Maria and Fernanda. Which of them has better 
working conditions?
22
Maria works in
a factory in
The Philippines.
Fernanda works 
in a factory in 
Panama.
9. 
Listen again. Make true sentences using the information below.
Maria
has / doesn’t have
▪
a lunch break
▪
the minimum wage
▪
good working conditions
▪
a good salary
▪
a job that she likes
▪
a long working day
Fernanda
22

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© MEN Colombia
67
 Speak 
UNIT 2
Modu
le 2
10. 
In pairs, invent a company. Look at the diagram, and discuss your 
answers to the questions.
The environment:
How do you 
protect it?
Your employees:
What conditions 
do they have?
Your factory:
Is it a safe 
place to work?
Your
company
The product:
What is it?
11. 
Present your company to the class. Your classmates can ask questions.
 Write
12. 
Write a job advert for your company. Include the following information: 
▪
a description of your company and what it does
▪
what job you are advertising
▪
what the working conditions are
▪
why your company is a good place to work

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Lesson 6
6
Listen
© MEN Colombia
68
1. 
Look at the traditional Colombian products in the pictures. Imagine that you are 
describing them to someone who doesn’t know what they are. Use the words in the 
box to help you.
backpack – hammock – shoes – pot – vase – hat – blouse – cotton – wool – clay – 
traditional – colourful
mochila Arhuaca
sombrero vueltiao
artesanías en Werregue
cerámica de La Chamba
hamaca de San Jacinto
Kuna mola
alpargatas de fique
mochila Wayúu
2. 
Listen to descriptions of the products 
in exercise 1. Which products are they? 
Write the name of each product in the 
order that you hear them.
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
3. 
Listen again. Where on the map is each 
product made?
Atlántico
San Andrés, Providencia
and Santa Catalina
Sucre
Córdoba
Bolívar
Caldas
Santander
Cundinamarca
Valle del Cauca
Casanare
Guaviare
Putumayo
Vaupés
Amazonas
Guainía
Vaupés
Vichada
Boyacá
Quindío
Tolima
Nariño
Cauca
Huila
Meta
Arauca
Antioquia
Chocó
Risaralda
Magdalena
Cesar
Guajira
Norte de 
Santander
23
23

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© MEN Colombia
69
UNIT 2
Modu
le 2
Focus on Vocabulary
4. 
Look at the verbs in the box for manufacturing a product. Then match them to the 
expressions. For some expressions, you can match more than one verb.
sell – pick – grow – pack – buy – knit – cut – send – produce – sew
a. 
clothes in a market (2 verbs)
b. 
thousands of items each year
c. 
clothes by hand (2 items)
d. 
fruit from trees
5. 
Think of more expressions for each of the verbs in exercise 4.
Example: send a letter, buy some jeans online
e. 
cotton on farms
f. 
the material into small pieces
g. 
in boxes
h. 
to stores in trucks
6. 
Read these sentences from the listening in exercises 2 and 3. Answer the questions.
1. 
This hat is produced in Córdoba and Sucre.
2. 
The bowls are sold in markets. 
3. 
The bags are manufactured in Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta by the Arhuacos people.
a. 
Are these sentences in the present, past or future?
b. 
In sentences 1 and 2, do we know who does the action? Is it necessary to know?
c. 
In sentence 3, what preposition do we use to say who does the action?
d. 
When do we use 
is
+ past participle, and when do we use 
are
+ past participle?
7. 
Unscramble the sentences about making and selling baskets. 
Focus on Language
a
c
d
b
bamboo / into / thin /
is / picked / and /
pieces / cut
baskets / the /
artisans / pieces / 
made / into / by / are
sold / baskets / shops /
are / in / the
the / are / by / 
baskets / used / 
customers

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Lesson 6
6
 Read
© MEN Colombia
70
8. 
Look at the pictures and match them 
with the words.
cotton plant – dye – button – zip – pocket – thread
9. 
Read the text quickly. Then list which items from exercise 8 are mentioned in each paragraph.
Example: Paragraph 1 - cotton plant
The life story of jeans
A pair of jeans passes through a long process before it arrives at a clothes store. Let’s 
have a look.
1 
Jeans are made of denim, which starts life as cotton. Cotton is mostly grown in warm 
countries. The cotton plant takes approximately 2 to 6 weeks to produce cotton fibre. 
When it is ready, the cotton is picked from the fields.
2 
The cotton is processed to make thread. First, this thread is coloured blue (or 
sometimes black, white or other colours) using dye. It is then inserted into a machine 
and turned into denim.
3 
After that, the denim is cut into pieces using patterns in order to create the shape 
of jeans. These pieces are sewn together on machines to get a perfect pair of jeans. 
Next, the extra sections are added: buttons, pockets, zips and labels are sewn on, and 
the jeans are finished! 
4 
Finally, the jeans are organised into different styles, colours and 
sizes, and are sent to the stores in trucks. They are often sold at 
high prices, because they are the world’s most popular trousers.