Steven Crane Compiled Section Handouts. Human Behavioral Biology 2012


Do it differently and you probably won't have any offspring



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Do it differently and you probably won't have any offspring.

But what argument runs counter to that idea?
  • Species do need to do it in their own way. Don't want to waste time mating with other species.
Know the basic vocab

  • Libido; attractivity v. proceptivity v. receptivity; motivation v. performance (ex. erectile dysfunction); desire v. arousal v. orgasm.
How do you do the randomized reporting to learn about "taboo" sexual behaviors?

  • Example from the '80's of whether a man had slept with another man.

  • You're the man responding:

    • If yes, just mark yes.

    • If no, flip a coin. Heads you mark yes (so you marked "the taboo answer" just due to the coin flip, not actual behavior). Tails you mark no.

  • Now you're the researcher

    • Take the number of "nos" you got and double it. That's the real number of no's. The rest are real "yeses"

    • For example: in actuality, 10% of the men had slept with another man.

      • Those 10% mark yes.

      • The other 90% have not, but 45% will mark no and 45% will mark yes.

      • So your responses will come in: 55% yes, 45% no.

      • You know that the "nos" are only half what they should be, so you know it's actually 90%no and 10% yes.
Why do females have orgasms? Some theories:

  • Sperm facilitation (increased vaginal fluid)

  • Post-coital exhaustion and sperm motility

  • Reinforcement quality – no evidence of higher fertility in orgasm-prone women though 

  • Some twin evidence for genetic influence, with caveats

  • Spandrel: necessary for males so same physiology in females. Parallel of nipples in men.
What are four intercourse-related male-male competitive strategies?

  • Copulatory locks

  • Sperm plugs

  • Spiders cementing other spiders' genitals

  • Other insects insert their own sperm into testes of other males (fun fact!)



For human sexual behavior, what behaviors were once thought to be unique but now not so much?

  • Things that once were unique, but now are not: nonreproductive sex, foreplay, variety, homosexuality, rape, masturbation, fantasy, foreplay
And what actually does seem to be unique?

  • Sex in private, egalitarian sex, marriage (and cheating), romantic love, the expectation of sustained romantic love

    • Ex. Divorce period = 2-4 years € humans are serial monogamous (move from one monogamous relationship to another with inter-birth interval)

  • Compared to other species, we’re kinda boring. Other species have hermaphroditism, sequential hermaphroditism, pseudohermaphroditism, parthenogenisis


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