Spoken Discourse Genres

Spoken Discourse Genres

Dilfuza Tursunova

Genres of spoken discourse

• Narrative
• Identifying
• Language in action
• Comment elaboration

• Service encounter
• Language learning and interaction
• Decision making/nagotiating
• Debate and argument

What is Narration?

• Narration is a monologue in which a particular event, condition, or experience is described
• Conversations may be interspersed with narratives-ex. Telling a story about a recent experience
• Involves orderly accounts of real or imagined events
• Coherent sequences of utterances with a common theme

“Identifying” as a discourse genre

• Extracts in which people talk about themselves, their biography
• Where they live, their jobs (or job aspiration)
• Their likes and dislikes.
• Mostly, semi-formal or formal
• Interviews can be example
• Adjacency pair, coordinate conjunctions like and, so are commonly used

Language in action

• It is the language used in the execution of a task in which the participants are directly and materially involved
• In this type of talk, quite long silences are common while the speakers are doing things
• A lot of discourse markers are used to organize their activity
• A lot of references like that, there, here and it are used to refer to the things around them
• Data recorded while people were doing thing such as cooking, packing, moving furniture, etc.
• where the language is generated directly by the action being carried out

Comment elaboration

• It is related to people or things around the speaker in the daily life, casual comments found in informal conversation
• Its main features are: topics switch freely and often provoked by what speakers are doing, by objects in their presence
• Conversation and responses can be short including some evaluation
• Ellipsis is common
• People giving casual opinions
• commenting on things, other people, events, etc. around them and in their daily lives
• Mostly, without any set of conversational agenda

Service encounter

• Refers to interaction between service providers and customers
• Oriented toward the satisfaction of customers’ desire for service
• Extracts in settings involving the buying and selling of goods and services

Language Learning and interaction

• Language in use in the context of institutionalized and informal learning
• Mostly classroom language discourse
• Register is formal or semi-formal

Decision making and negotiating

• Involves communication to resolve conflicts and to achieve goals in mutually acceptable way
• It is related to persuasion, but it is distinct type of discourse
• It is important for personal satisfaction, social success, educational achievements, and professional communication
• Illustrates ways in which people work towards decisions /consensus or negotiate their way through problems towards solutions

Debate and argument

• Data, in which people take up positions
• pursue arguments
• expound on their opinions on a range of matters, with or without some sort of lead-figure or chairperson

Explanation, or expository discourse

• It is the use of language to convey information
• Giving directions
• Explaining how to use/play
• Considers the listeners needs and potential confusions, the language is clear and easy to follow
• Provides detailed explanations of specific topics, reflects greater knowledge of the topic

Thank you for attention

Tashkent 2019