Spirituality

INTRODUCTION (аbstract of PhD thesis)
The aim of the research work is to explain the nature and typological differences between the common semantic nominative units of “ma’naviyat”/”spirituality” in Uzbek and English.
The object of the research work. Common semantic nominative units of “ma’naviyat”/”spirituality” in the Uzbek and English languages from the dictionary, fiction and periodicals have been chosen.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists of the following:
in the Uzbek and English linguistic expressions typological aspects as universal (in most languages ​​and nationalities) and specific (specific language and nationality) of lexical, semantic, functional formation types of the term “spirituality” are based;
in both languages the elements of base (noun), center (adjective) and edge (verb) in the system of units expressing the concept of "spirituality" such as mental, emotional, moral are determined, they have been proven to have a duty shift under the context of their application;
the morphological and syntactic possibilities of filling the linguistic inconsistencies and lexical-conceptual spaces (lacunae) of the units of “ma’naviyat”/”spirituality” have been proved in pragmatic aspect;
in the comparative languages on the basis of conceptual units (conscience, belief, sincerity, attitude, enlightenment, morality), the concept of "spirituality" is defined with the functional dominance of simple terms in the Uzbek language, and in English simple and borrowed types.
Implementation of the results of the thesis. Based on the scientific results on the typological analysis of the nominative units of “ma’naviyat”/”spirituality” in Uzbek and English:
the results obtained from the dissertation, especially, lexical, semantic, functional formation types of the nominative units “spirituality” in the Uzbek and English linguistic expression are reflected in the fundamental research project F1-ХТ-0-19919 on the theme «Uzbek mythology and its place in the development of artistic thinking» (reference number 89-03-2673 of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 3, 2019). As a result, the meaning of the terms of spirituality has been clarified, criteria for the analysis of scientific descriptions and descriptors have been developed, and the nominative units of “ma’naviyat” as a part of category the scientific literature and explanatory dictionaries have been analysed;
information taken from the dissertation about typological aspects as universal (in most languages ​​and nationalities) and specific (specific language and nationality) of adequate interlanguage translation principles has been used by State Committee of Tourism of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Reference No. 02-22/5049 of July 4, 2019). In particular, the terms of spirituality used in linguistic research have been used by hospitality and tourism industry employees, guides, tour guides, and supervisors;
тиллараро адекват таржима қилиш тамойилларининг умумбашарий (аксарият тиллар ва миллатлар тафаккурида мавжуд) ва хусусий (муайян тил ва миллатга тегишли) типологик қирралари асосланган маълумотлардан Ўзбекистон Республикаси Туризмни ривожлантириш давлат қўмитаси фаолиятида фойдаланилган (Ўзбекистон Республикаси Туризмни ривожлантириш давлат қўмитасининг 2019 йил 4 июлдаги 02-22/5049-сон маълумотномаси). Илмий хулосаларнинг қўлланилиши ҳамроҳ-таржимонларнинг чет эл сайёҳларига тарихий материаллар мазмунини тўғри етказиб бериш билан боғлиқ фаолиятини самарали ташкил этишга хизмат қилган;
ҳар иккала тилнинг ақлий, ҳиссий, ахлоқий каби «маънавият» тушунчаларини ифодаловчи бирликлар тизими таркибий қисмлари шаклланишига доир хулосалардан Республика Маънавият ва Маърифат марказининг 2019 йилга мўлжалланган иш режаси дастурининг 1, 11, 20, 21-бандлари ижросини таъминлашда татбиқ қилинган (Республика Маънавият ва Маърифат марказининг 2019 йилнинг 8 июлдаги 02/010-910-19-сон маълумотномаси). Натижада ёшларни баркамол, маънавий етук қилиб тарбиялаш ҳамда «Маърифат» тарғиботчилар жамияти фаолиятини такомиллаштиришга ҳизмат қилган;
«маънавият»/“spirituality” бирликларининг таржималари, лексик-концептуал бўшлиқ (лакуна)ларни тўлдиришнинг махсус имкониятлари ҳақидаги маълумотлар «Маънавият атамаларининг ўзбекча-инглизча, инглизча-ўзбекча луғати»ни ишлаб чиқишда қўлланилган (ISBN 978-9943-06-632-8). Натижада мазкур луғат «5120100 – Филология ва тилларни ўқитиш», «5111400 – Хорижий тил ва адабиёт», «5120200 – Таржима назарияси ва амалиёти» бакалавриат таълим йўналишлари талабалари таълими учун асос бўлиб хизмат қилган;
қиёсланаётган тилларда «маънавият» категориясини ифодаловчи виждон, эътиқод, самимият, муносабат, маърифат, ахлоқ, диёнат каби тушунчаларнинг фарқли ва ўхшаш жиҳатларига доир хулосалардан АҚШнинг Реформед университетида 2-курс ёзма нутқ амалиёти дарсларида (College Writing II) фойдаланилган (Реформед университетининг 2019 йил 15 октябрдаги маълумотномаси). Натижада чет эллик талабалар учун маънавият атамаларини батафсил лингвистик ва маданий таҳлил қилиш имконияти вужудга келган, муайян ахлоқий қадриятлар ва эътиқодларга амал қилиш усулларини тушуниши учун манба бўлган;
маънавиятга оид атов бирликларини типологик аспектда лингвистик тадқиқ қилиш муаммоларини кўрсатиб берувчи материаллардан «Дунё бўйлаб» телеканалининг «Focus» кўрсатувида фойдаланилган (ЎзМТРКнинг 2019 йил 1 июлдаги 08-14-270-сон маълумотномаси). Натижада томошабинлар дунёқарашида маданиятлараро мулоқот, тиллараро алоқаларнинг миллий маънавиятга таъсир этиши ҳақидаги тасаввурларнинг пайдо бўлиши кузатилган.
the results of the dissertation, in particular, «Uzbek-English, English-Uzbek dictionary of spiritual terms» has been used in the activities of Republican Center of Spirituality and Enlightenment (Маънавият ва маърифат маркази) and Bukhara regional branch of Republican Center of Spirituality and Enlightenment. (Reference of the Republican Center of Spirituality and Enlightenment No. 02/010-910-19, July 8, 2019). As a result, «Uzbek-English, English-Uzbek Dictionary of Spiritual Terms» has been used as a convenient guide to improve the education of the youth in their spiritual development and to the interpretation of international events in advocating activities of the society «Ma'rifat»(«Enlightenment»);
Information on problems of linguistic research in the typological aspect of nominative units of spirituality in the dissertation has been used successfully in the program «Focus» on the channel «Дунё бўйлаб» (Round the World) of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan. (Reference No. 08-14-270 of July 1, 2019). The analysis of the dissertation in the program detailed discussions have been done about current events carried out in our country, there are many scientific and popular publications in the field, but there is no systematic study of language expressions that express the spirituality of the person, but their linguistic value is not revealed by comparison with other languages, the lack of proper linguistic base;
from the materials taken from the dissertation created dictionary «Uzbek-English, English-Uzbek Dictionary of Spiritual Terms» has been widely used in developing students’ knowledge in teaching practical lessons and lectures of subjects «Spirituality», «Fundamentals of Spirituality», «National Idea: Basic Concepts and Principles», «History and Theory of National Idea», «National Idea Propaganda technologies», «Methods of organization of spiritual and educational issues», in philological sciences «Theory of Translation», «Theory of Literature», «Lexicology», «Culture of the Country» at Bukhara State University. (Certificate of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 89-03-2703 dated July 6, 2019).