Shet tili pani boyinsha oqiw materiallari

SHET TILI PANI BOYINSHA OQIW MATERIALLARI

Unit1. Independence of Uzbekistan

Lesson 1 _______________________________________________________________________

Phonetics:The English alphabet.Vowels and consonants. Reading rules of vowels and consonants Reading: Independent Uzbekistan Vocabulary: holiday; Independence day; celebrate; anniversary; state; anthem; principles; joint-venture; embassy; Speaking: Answer the questions

PHONETICS: English alphabet

There are 26 letters in English: 20 consonants and 6 vowels.

Alphabet with transcription:

A a [ei]	B b [bi:]	C c [ci:]	D d [di:]
E e [i:]	F f [ef]	G g [ʤi:]	H h [eiʧ]
I i [ai]	J j [ʤei]	K k [kei]	L l [el]
M m [em]	N n [en]	O o [ou]	P p [pi:]
Q q [kju:]	R r [a:]	S s [es]	T t [ti:]
U u [ju:]	V v [vi:]	W w [‘dablju:]
X x [eks]	Y y [wai]	Z z [zed]

Transcription

The phonetic transcription means to write sounds, e.i. pronunciation of a word. In a phonetic transcription are used letters of Latin alphabet. The phonetic transcription is always written in brackets.

Example: [kaind] [houl] [smouk] [aut] [taun] [neim]

At designation of some sounds special symbols are used. [æ] [ə] [ŋ] [θ] [ð][Λ] [ε]

Example: [`mΛðə] [`fΛðə] [bæk] [kæt] [bεə] [bΛt] [θiŋ]

The English vowels

In the English alphabet, there are 26 letters: 6 of which are vowels and the remaining 20 are consonants. 6 vowel letters make the 20 vowel sounds. There are two types of vowel sounds: monophthongs and diphthongs.

A monophthong is a single vowel sound. It is grouped into the long and short ones. The use of colon after the symbol shows that the sound is long.

Long sounds: [i:] [o:] [u:] [a:] [ə:] Short sounds: [e] [i] [u] [ə] [Λ] [æ] [o]

Division of monophthongs into long and short has special value as it influences on a word meaning.

Compare: [pi:t] — [pit]; [po:t] — [pot]; [hi:t] — [hit]; [da:k] — [dΛk];