Seminar the subject of stylistics. Types of stylistics task Answer to the below given questions

SEMINAR 1. THE SUBJECT OF STYLISTICS. TYPES OF STYLISTICS
Task 1. Answer to the below given questions.

1. 
   What are the main trends in style study?
   

Functional stylistic, which is very important trend in style study, deals with sets, "paradigms" of language units hierarchy servings to accommodate the needs of certain typified communicative situations.

2. 
   What forms and types of speech do you know?
   

There are 4 types of speeches: manuscript, memorized, extemporaneous, and impromptu, as well as 8 forms of the speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjuction, interjection.

3. 
   What is a functional style and what functional styles do you know?
   

Functional stylr - "a system of coordinated, interrelated and interconditioned language means intended to fulfill a specific function of communication and aiming at a definite effect." Functional styles are belle-lettres; publicistic literature, newspaper; scientific prose; official documents.
4. What do you know of the studies in the domain of the style of artistic speech? Artistic speech is the linguistic form of expression of the figurative content of verbal artistic works. The artistic Expressiveness of an image depends on the symbolic value of the means of speech used by a writer in a specific context. The means of speech may not differ materially from certain types of dialectal speech, popular speech, and jargons, and businessand scientific prose that are also possible in artistic speech.
5. What do you know about individual style study? What authors most often attract the attention of style theoreticians? Individual style implies the peculiarities of a writer's individual manner of using language means to achieve the effect he desires. The speech of any individual, which is characterized by particular elements, is called an idiolect that reveals his breeding and education. A writer will try to avoid showing his idiolect, instead he would leave room for genuine SD. Alexander Block once said that the style of a writer is so closely connected with the content of his soul that the "experienced eye can see the soul through his style".
6. What is foregrounding and how does it operate in the text?
In literary studies and stylistics, foregrounding is a the linguistic strategy of calling attention to certain language features in order to shift the reader's attention from what is said to how it is said.
7. What levels of linguistic analysis do you know and which of them are relevant for stylistic analysis?
There are six levels of linguistic analysis. Tney range in depth between the specific of the sounds we make to form language to the context surrounding speech events. They are (from most specific to the broadest) phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The linguistic levels of analysis have often been the hallmark of any stylistic analysis of a text.
8. What is decoding stylistics?
Riffaterre who introduced the term “decoding stylistics” defines it in the following way: “Stylistic is the science which studies those features of the linguistic utterance which are utilized to impose the encoder's way of thinking of the decoder.”
9. What is the main concern of practical stylistics?
It is concerned with structure of words (morphology) and clauses and sentences (syntax). semantics The meaning (of words as well as of sentences and propositions).
10. What is the ultimate goal of stylistic analysis of a speech product?
Modern stylistics uses the tools of formal linguistic analysis coupled with the methods of literary criticism; its goal is to try to isolate characteristic uses and functions of language and rhetoric rather than advance normative or prescriptive rules and patterns.