Section 13. qxd

Table 13.4.5
General Troubleshooting Guide 
for Turning Operations
Problem
Probable causes
Tool breakage
Tool material lacks toughness; improper tool
angles; machine tool lacks stiffness; worn bear-
ings and machine components; cutting parame-
ters too high
Excessive tool wear
Cutting parameters too high; improper tool mate-
rial; ineffective cutting fluid; improper tool 
angles
Rough surface finish
Built-up edge on tool; feed too high; tool too 
sharp, chipped, or worn; vibration and chatter
Dimensional variability
Lack of stiffness of machine tool and work-holding
devices; excessive temperature rise; tool wear
Tool chatter
Lack of stiffness of machine tool and work-holding
devices; excessive tool overhang; machining 
parameters not set properly
Fig. 13.4.12
Range of applicable cutting speeds and feeds for various tool
materials.
Section_13.qxd 10/05/06 10:32 Page 13-59

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MACHINING PROCESSES AND MACHINE TOOLS
turning mills; vertical multispindle cylinder boring mills; vertical cylin-
der boring mills; vertical turret boring mills (vertical turret lathes); car-
wheel boring mills; diamond or precision boring machines (vertical and
horizontal); and jig borers.
The 
horizontal type
is made for both precision work and general man-
ufacturing. It is particularly adapted for work not conveniently
revolved, for milling, slotting, drilling, tapping, boring, and reaming
long holes, and for making interchangeable parts that must be produced
without jigs and fixtures. The machine is universal and has a wide range
of speeds and feeds, for a face-mill operation may be followed by one
with a small-diameter drill or end mill.