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product, that is, they pay for personal feelings and perceptions. Tourist services in this
case are inextricably linked with impressions, since their implementation is invisible,
but is felt through the emotions of the tourist. So, a large number of companies,
including travel agencies, offer and focus on the market of impressions. This process
is characterized by the direct impact of goods on the buyer's senses. Based on the above
facts, it should be noted that gastronomic tours can also be personified as a service
(product) that depends on sensory perception.
Gastronomic tourism, also known as culinary tourism
in the popular tourist
language, is a relatively recent practice that has led to the emergence of an offshoot
tourist niche. However, a person's love for good food arose much earlier. It is a creation
of historical and modern culture.
Culinary tourism in an organized form calls for
exploring the stories and secrets of national cuisines of the world, hidden in different
parts of the globe; it is a way to plunge into the depths of another culture and taste the
delicacies of a foreign country that are atypical for us. Undoubtedly, this is one of the
best methods of exploring a new culture.
Speaking about the history of the emergence of gastronomic tourism, it is worth
noting that despite the fact that gastronomic tourism is a relatively new direction in
the tourism industry, travelers of past centuries during their wanderings kept records
about the local flavor, and food as well. This type of tourism was most popularized
at the beginning of the 21st century. The concept was first minted in 1998 by Lucy
Long, associate Professor of folk culture at Bowling Green University (Ohio, USA)
to express the idea that people learn about other cultures through local food [1]. This
laid the Foundation for the development of gastronomic tourism as a special type of
tourism. In 2001, the President of The international Culinary Tourism Association
(1 CTA), Eric Wolf, presented a document on culinary tourism to his organization.
This document later became a book that recorded the growing interest in culinary
and wine tourism [2]. Then the term "gastronomic tourism" began to cover a wide
range of experiences, from local eateries to gastropubs, wineries and highly rate d
restaurants.
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Today, tourism is one of the most powerful industries in the world. In many
developed countries, it plays a predominant role in the formation of gross domestic
product, creating new jobs, improving the infrastructure of a particular region and its
recognition. Also, this sphere has a close relationship and has a major impact on other
sectors of the economy, such
as agriculture, culture, and transport.
Gastronomic tourism, in turn, as one of the growing areas of tourism, has led to
the creation of special tours that demonstrate the features of foreign national cuisines
and familiarity with them. Thus, some elements of culinary tours can be included in
various excursion programs, where you are invited to visit certain places, make a
tasting of dishes and drinks that characterize the national
flavor of the visited
destination. Here you should also pay attention to the current trend of gastronomic
tourism, which is called agrotourism. The main distinctive features of agrotourism are
the satisfaction of human needs that are associated with the rural environment: taking
a direct part in farm life, food production and tasting. In the context of the growth of
international and domestic tourism of countries with agricultural production, as well as
agrotourism in particular, its products of rural industry can attract tourists who want to
get acquainted with organic food [3].
First of all, the tourist chooses the country he wants to visit; the next goal is to get
acquainted with the cuisine of the country. Gradually,
the gastronomic adventures
became more intense with the change of preferences, and the emphasis was placed on
tasting exotic cuisine and drinks for which you need to explore the country. Let's
consider the world experience and the main agro tourist characteristics in the field of
gastronomy. The range, taste, flavors and variety of cuisine offered around the world
is huge. The tour called "wine" is known in France for a variety of tourist activities,
which include visiting a winery, studying the technological process of preparing drinks
and tasting. English dishes of fish and fried potatoes are typical of the British island.
Italy is represented by an assortment of legendary pastas, pizza, spaghetti, as well as
lasagna and mozzarella cheese. Japan is notable for its exclusive sushi, seaweed and
fish. Thailand is also famous for its world-famous mix of spicy and savory dishes of
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rice, chili, chicken, bamboo shoots, herbs and seafood [4]. And Kazakhstan, in
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