Results and interpretation

Results and interpretation.

This part of research paper contains interpretations and discussions of study findings. Collected data sets was explored and interpreted in the line of impartial of research which was determining unemployment rate effects on mortality rate under 5 years in 12 African developing countries. This part of research contains two sub fragments. In the first part of the research, descriptive analysis where we can use only tables and figures will be discussed by us. In the next part of inferential, statistics will be analyzed using some models such as pooled OLS, fixed effect, random effect and so on. Also, several tests will be done in order to check possible complications.

Figure1. Source: research findings
Descriptive Analysis. Figure 1 gave us information about variables. The mean of dependent variable, MOR5 is equal to 84.98796 or 84.99 % which lies within interval between 17.1 and 205.7 and standard deviation overall is equivalent of 42.46909. Our first independent variable is unemployment rate which has mean value of about 8.26 % which is within interval between 0.599 % and 33.473 %. Overall, standard deviation of this independent variable is equal to 7.572752. Second independent variable is People using at least basic drinking water. It has 61.82978 average values which is in interval between 18.69521 and 99.10573 with the overall standard deviation of 22.34411. The third independent variable is the percentage of urban population which has mean value of 42.97093 which lies within intermission starts from 14.74 to 68.642. In general, standard deviation is equal to 14.07279. The last independent variable is GDP per capita. It has 7.11614 average value which lies within interval between 5.272348 and 8.933624 with the generally standard deviation of 0.9905271.


Figure 2. Source: research findings.
Table 2 gave information about MOR5 movements. In this situation, MOR5 was found by taking index of 12 African developing countries for chosen years from the World Bank. In the graph, it was shown that overall, the graph was on the decrease. At the beginning of the given period, the most of indicators showed the numbers. For example, the number of died children per 1,000 live births were average 205.7, 184.8, 160.8, 141.8, 131.5, 130, 120, 107.3, 99.5 73.9, 46.8, and 30 in Angola Nigeria, Congo, Ethiopia, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo, Madagascar, Ghana, South Africa, Egypt, and Tunisia in 2000 respectively. The next years these numbers decreased.
In order to make analysis correctly and well, we also divided this sub part of research into two sub parts according to the chosen period of time, from 2000 to 2009 and between 2010 and 2017.

Figure 3. Source: Research findings
Graph 3 demonstrates information about Mortality rate under five years old per 1,000 live births by the 12 African developing countries for 10 years (from 2000 to 2009). Overall, for chosen period the highest result was belonged to Angola with average 205.7 mortality rates under five years old in 2000 and the lowest result was belonged to Tunisia with average of mortality rates under five years old. As it was said before, this numbers followed by gradual decreasing trend. Expressively, Tunisia, Egypt and South Africa`s results did not fluctuate sensitively, the numbers fluctuated between 28.1 and 58 per 1000 live births. Interestingly, the highest decreasing trend was belonged to Senegal. If the level of mortality rates under five years old per 1000 birth was 131.5 deaths per 1000 live births in 2000, in 2009 this number fell by 46.24 % or to 70.7 dead per 1000 live births the percentage was calculated with the formula the (first year`s indicator-the last year of the first period of time and multiplied by 100% and divided by the first year`s indicator) made by us. Accordingly, we did also horizontal year by year analysis of the mortality rates under five years old per 1000 births. Unexpectedly, among 12 African countries, South Africa had the highest level of decline by about 10.5 or by 6.8 in 2009. The highest average percentage of decline, 6.66% was recorded by Senegal in the given time period of time. Respectively, due to horizontal year by year analysis of the mortality rates under five years old per 1000 births, the highest average decline of these countries was recorded in 2008 with 8.229 %.
The lowest decline was belonged to Togo with 23.08 % decline or in 2000 it was 120 and in 2009 the number declined to 92.3 deaths only. Correspondently, according to horizontal year by year analysis of the mortality rates under five years old per 1000 births, the lowest decline of mortality was showed by South Africa with -2.436 %. The lowest average percentage of decline also was recorded to South Africa with 2.5407% decline on average in our horizontal decline analysis.
Overall, an average mortality level under five years old per 1000 live births for chosen period among countries was equal to 99.593 per 1000 live births from 200 to 2009 and it also was continued with gradual decrease by the next period of chosen time, between 2010 and 2017.

The Figure 4 illustrates the number of mortality rate under 5 years old per 1000 live births for the next period of chosen time, from 2010 to 2017, as it was said before.

Figure4. Source: Research findings
The most interesting part of this research part is that there was also gradual decline in all given countries. We can divide these countries in to 3 groups: countries which had lowest rate of children deaths, under 40 deaths per 1000 live births, and states which are in the middle given graph, above from 40 and under than 80 children deaths per 1000 live births as well as the countries which had highest level of children deaths more than 80 children deaths per 1000 live births.
According to the graph, Egypt and Tunisia`s lines lied on the first group with numbers 29, 27.8, 26.6, 25.5 and 18.4, 18, 17.7, 17.5 respectively until 2014. In 2014 South Africa was also added into this group of countries with 39.5 deaths per 1000 live births. At the end of the given period, clearly in 2017 these countries indicators showed 17.1, 21.9 and 35.3 child deaths per 1000 live births respectively.
The second group of these countries which are in the middle group from 40 to 80 children deaths per 1000 live births contains 5 countries: Tanzania, Ethiopia, Madagascar Ghana and Senegal. Until 2014, there were five countries in this group, and in 2014 this group of countries expanded with Togo. In 2014 Madagascar had 59.6 children deaths per 1000 live births, while Ghana, Tanzania, Ethiopia Senegal had 57.4, 61.4, 66.8, and 52.9 children deaths. The last added country, Togo had 79.3 children deaths per 1000 live births in the same year. As it was said before all lines was on gradual decrease. Respectively, in 2015 these indicators was 58.1, 54.7, 59.1, 63.5, 50.1, and 76.8 while in 2016 they were 56.6, 52.3, 57, 60.4, 47.4 and 74.4 and in 2017 55.2, 50, 54.5, 57.7, 45.6, and 72.1 children deaths per 1000 live births.
There were 3 countries; Nigeria Angola and Congo in the last countries` group which had highest level of children deaths per 1000 live births. At the beginning of given period of time, in 2010 there were 135.2, 120.5 and 115.3 children deaths per 1000 live births in Nigeria, Angola and Congo, respectively. In 2014 these numbers declined by 8.3, 27.6 and 14.6 correspondingly. Till the end of given period of time, these numbers decreased to 122.1 in Nigeria, 80.4 in Angola and 91.1 in Congo.