17
Figure 2. Process flow diagram of the enrichment complex by flotation
It is also specific that in the process of cavitation, the division of raw
materials into goods occurs immediately, in 1 pass of raw materials through
a cavitation machine, which reduces the cost of enrichment, while enrichment
by flotation often increases the percentage of enrichment in 2-3 passes.
The technological chains of concentration complexes by cavitation and
flotation are similar. But it is the aforementioned specifics of the processes
that make them different. And a very advantageous factor that speaks in favor
of cavitation is the absence of waste, obtaining not waste rock, but sand, which
is a component in the production
of building materials;
while the flotation
process implies the production of waste rock that is not immediately suitable
for use in the sectors of the national economy. And it is the use of a cavitation
machine in the future that makes it possible to activate the process of recycling
of tailings, to liquidate tailings and to obtain a valuable commodity mass from
waste rock, which may contain up to 10-15% of minerals.
The cavitation process does not provide for the use of any chemical and
other reagents that adversely affect environmental safety. Flotation requires
the use of expensive reagents, as discussed above.
The cavitation machine does not require
special control over the
observance of technological conditions, in contrast to the flotation machine,
the operational features of which were mentioned above in this article.
18
From the above, we can conclude that the process of concentration by
cavitation will take its place in the processing industry. With its environmental
friendliness, greater efficiency in comparison with other methods, the possibility
of operating the complex in the process of waste-free liquidation of tailing
dumps with obtaining a liquid commodity mass, cavitators will firmly enter
the processing industry. Considering that the technological line is based on
the use of wet processes, as well as the above features, the technology proposed
for consideration (ore dressing using a cavitation machine)
can be located
both near the ore mining site, which will reduce the cost of transporting waste
rock, and directly with settlements, because The proposed technology assumes
the use of environmentally friendly equipment without
emissions of harmful
substances into the air, soil, water, complies with clause 6. ‘Hydraulic mines and
processing plants with a wet enrichment process’ Class III ‘sanitary protection
zone 300 m’ Section 4.1.3. ‘Extraction of ores and nonmetallic minerals’
Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN (or Sanitary and
Epidemiological Rules and Regulations) 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03 ‘Sanitary protection
zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects’.
The proposed location of the enterprise will not damage water resources,
nature protection zones. The industrial-urban ecosystem will also not be subject
to environmental changes towards deterioration.
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