Reading passages

16. The passage describes, in broad terms, .

1. 
   a number of disadvantages related to earth dams
   
2. 
   the advantages of various types of dams
   
3. 
   the differences between the various types of dams
   
4. 
   the technical features of an earth dam
   

E) common features of dams
17. According to the passage, the function of sluices in an earth dam is to_______ .
A) prevent any escape of water

2. 
   provide support for the cut-off wall
   
3. 
   direct the flow of incoming water
   
4. 
   maintain a regular supply of water in the reservoir.
   

E) leak wter when needed
18. It can be understood from the passage that, without a cut-off wall,

1. 
   an earth dam would not be water- tight
   
2. 
   it would be impossible to open sluices
   
3. 
   only an earth dam can be constructed
   
4. 
   a longer base would be essential for the functioning of an earth dam
   
5. 
   there will be no water shortage
   

Protoplasm, which is the fundamental basis of life, is constantly undergoing physical and chemical change. Life, therefore, is the resultant of these constantly occurring changes. There are two great groups into which living things may be classified plants and animals. Both the plant and the animal kingdoms are very extensive. It is customary, therefore, to regard the science of life under two comprehensive heads, namely, botany which is the study of plants and zoology, which is the study of animals. Both subjects are subdivided into various specialized sections.

19. It is pointed out in the passage that life is the outcome of .

1. 
   the interaction between plants and animals
   
2. 
   change from a physical to a chemical state of being
   
3. 
   physical change taking place in the animal world
   
4. 
   the constant change, both physical and chemical, occurring in protoplasm
   

E) the activities a person fulfills