Questions what is the main features of the socialist economy?

Tell about Greek philosophy.

Key words: ancient Greece, Roman Empire, astronomy.
Ancient Greek philosophy is a system of thought, first developed in the 6th century BC. Greek philosophy continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Greece and most Greek-inhabited lands were part of the Roman Empire. Philosophy was used to make sense out of the world using reason. It dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy, epistemology, mathematics, political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, ontology, logic, biology, rhetoric and aesthetics. Greek philosophy has influenced much of Western culture since its inception. Clear, unbroken lines of influence lead from ancient Greek and Hellenistic philosophers to Roman Philosophy, Early Islamic philosophy, Medieval Scholasticism, the European Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment. The development of astronomy by the Greek and notably Hellenistic astronomers is considered to be a major phase in the history of astronomy. Greek astronomy is characterized by seeking a geometrical model for celestial phenomena. Most of the names of the stars, planets, and constellations of the northern hemisphere are inherited from the terminology of the Greek astronomy, which are however indeed transliterated from the empirical knowledge in Babylonian astronomy and from Egyptian astronomy. The most important Greek philosophers are Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, Heraclitus and Thales.

85. 
    Aristotel’s theories. His economic thoughts.
    

Key words: ancient Greece, Stagira, Athens.
Aristotle - ancient Greek philosopher and scientist, one of the greatest intellectual figures of Western history. Aristotle studied developing organisms, among other things, in ancient Greece, and his writings shaped Western philosophy and natural science for greater than two thousand years. Aristotle was born in 384 B.C. in Stagira in northern Greece. Both of his parents were members of traditional medical families. At age 17 he was sent to Athens to enroll in Plato's Academy. He spent 20 years as a student and teacher at the school, emerging with both a great respect and a good deal of criticism for his teacher’s theories. Plato’s own later writings, in which he softened some earlier positions, likely bear the mark of repeated discussions with his most gifted student. He was a pioneer in the study of such fundamental economic categories as commodity, money, capital. He drew attention to the dual nature of a commodity that can be used for use for sale, and one way of use certainly excludes the other. With regard to private property, Aristotle believed that external goods, including private property, contribute to the conduct of a godly lifestyle. In his fundamental work Polity, Aristotle opposed the idea of collective ownership of property by demonstrating the superiority of private property, expressed in four essential areas: benefit, unity, justice and virtue.

86.