Questions. Do you know any of ancestors to have been one of the flows of bring novelty to the world? To what extend did their work contribute to the world civilization? Who invented the first electrical clock in 1092? Who was al- kindi ?

Discuss the importance of oriental input to the world civilization.
There was held an English knowledge contest about "Oriental Contribution to the World Civilization" devoted to the 90^th anniversary of Samarkand State University by the English language department teachers on April 20, 2017.


Four teams: "Avicenna", "Al-Kharazmi", "Mirzo Ulughbek", "Alisher Navai" teams competed with each other. Teams demonstrated their knowledge and skills at three actions: introduction - guided tour, role play/skit, short question and answer. Their participation of the teams were evaluated by the juries, the chief of the scientific department of Samarkand State University A. Yarmuhammedov - the chairman of the jury, the head of the economic theory chair of Samarkand State University D.Nasimov, vice rector of Samarkand State Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute A.Gadayev, the head of international relations of Samarkand State Agricultural Institute Sh. Khasanov. The competition was very interesting and controversial. It was too difficult to evaluate the active participation of the teams, and to choose the winner.

Finally, as a result, the team of "Alisher Navai" took the 1^st place, the team of "Avicenna" took the 2^nd place, the teams of "Mirzo Ulughbek" and "Al-Kharazmi" took the 3^rd place. At the end of the competition all participants were awarded with certificates and diplomas by the rector of the university and memorable gifts were given them by the trade union of the university.

2. A civilization (or civilisation) is a complex society that is characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication (such as writing).^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]}

Civilizations are intimately associated with and often have characteristics such as centralization, the domestication of plant and animal species, specialization of labour, culturally-ingrained ideologies of progress and supremacism, monumental architecture, taxation, societal dependence upon farming and expansionism.^{[3][4][5][7][8][9]}
Historically, "a civilization" has often been understood as a larger and "more advanced" culture, in implied contrast to smaller, supposedly primitive cultures.^{[2][4][5][10]} In this broad sense, a civilization contrasts with non-centralized tribal societies, including the cultures of nomadic pastoralists, Neolithic societies or hunter-gatherers; however, sometimes it also contrasts with the cultures found within civilizations themselves. Civilizations are organized densely-populated settlements divided into hierarchical social classes with a ruling elite and subordinate urban and rural populations, which engage in intensive agriculture, mining, small-scale manufacture and trade. Civilization concentrates power, extending human control over the rest of nature, including over other human beings.^[11]
Civilization, as its etymology (see below) suggests, is a concept originally associated with towns and cities. The earliest emergence of civilizations is generally connected with the final stages of the Neolithic Revolution, culminating in the relatively rapid process of urban revolution and state-formation, a political development associated with the appearance of a governing elite.