Qarshi davlat universiteti ingliz filologiyasi fakultetlararo ingliz tili

No one knows how to start the motor. – Hech kim motorni yoqishni bilmaydi.
Someone is calling for help. – Kimdir yordam so’rab baqiryapti.
● Lekin gapda ularga ishora qilish uchun they/them/their kabi ko’plikdagi kishilik va egalik olmoshlari ishlatiladi. Chunki gapda ularning jinsi bizga noma’lum bo’ladi.
Everyone is having their lunch. – Hamma tushki ovqatini yeyapti.
Nobody wants to have their coffee yet – Hali hech kim kofesini ichgisi yo’q.
Nobody wants to die, do they? – Hech kim o’lishni istamaydi, shunday emasmi?
NOTE:
Someone left their handbag behind. – Kimdir sumkachasini qoldirib ketibdi.
Someone left his or her handbag behind. – Kimdir sumkachasini qoldirib ketibdi.


POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS – EGALIK OLMOSHLARI.
Egalik olmoshlari narsa predmetning kimgadir tegishli, qarashli ekanligini yoki kishining biror-bir narsa predmetga nisbatan egaligini ko’rsatib keladi. Bundan tashqari egalik olmoshlari qarindoshlik so’zlariga nisbatan ham ishlatiladi.
Ingliz tilida egalik olmoshlari 2 ta shaklda o’rganiladi:
1. Common form/possessive adjectives/ – oddiy shakl
2. Absolute form/possessive pronouns/ – mustaqil shakl
1. Common form/possessive adjectives/ – oddiy shakl

Singular		Plural
I II III	my – mening your – sening, sizning his – uning her – uning its – uning	I II III	our – bizning your –sizlarning their – ularning

Oddiy shaklda egalik olmoshlari gapda har doim otlar bilan bog’lanib keladi va o’sha otning (narsa-predmetning) kimgadir tegishli, qarashli ekanligini ko’rsatib keladi va whose?-kimning? so’rog’iga javob bo’ladi. Oddiy shakldagi egalik olmoshlari gapda hech qachon yakka o’zi ishlatila olmaydi. Birlik va ko’plikda 3 ta shaxsda turlanadi.

Possessive adjectives + noun

This is my book. Bu mening kitobim.
Your pen is old. Sening ruchkang eski.
Jack is repairing his bike. Jek velosipedini tuzatayapti.
Her doll is beautiful. Uning qo’g’irchog’i chiroyli.
I won’t buy this suit. I don’t like its colour. Men bu kostyumni sotib olmayman. Menga uning rangi yoqmadi.
2. Absolute form/possessive pronouns/ – Mustaqil shakl.