Python Artificial Intelligence Projects for Beginners

[ 47 ]
Text classification
To find the answer to our question, we will consider the famous iris flower dataset as an
example dataset. The following image is of iris versicolor species. To identify the species,
we need some more information other than just an image of the species, such as
the flower's 
Petal length
, 
Petal width
, 
Sepal length
, and 
Sepal width 
would help us
identify the image better:
The dataset not only contains examples of versicolor but also contains examples of setosa
and virginica as well. Every example in the dataset contains these four measurements. The
dataset contains around 150 examples, with 50 examples of each species. We can use a
decision tree or any other model to predict the species of a new flower, if provided with the
same four measurements. As we know same species will have almost similar
measurements. Since similarity has different definition all together but here we consider
similarity as the closeness on a graph, if we consider each point is a flower. The following
graph is a comparison between sepal width versus petal width:

---

Applications for Comment Classification
Chapter 3
[ 48 ]
If we had no way of measuring similarity, if, say, every flower had different measurements,
then there'd be no way to use machine learning to build a classifier.
As we are aware of the fact that flowers of same species have same measurement and that
helps us to distinguish different species. Consider what if every flower had different
measurement, it would of no use to build classifier using machine learning to identify
images of species.