Psychologists suggest that to cure cruelty

1. In the passage, the Sony Walkman is referred to as

1. 
   the creation of a large marketing research team
   
2. 
   an example of uncomplicated product development
   
3. 
   superior to all similar devices produced afterwards
   
4. 
   something produced in response to in-depth market research
   

2. When the Big Mac was first introduced, it was

1. 
   the first hamburger ever to be put on the market
   
2. 
   the result of technical and scientific development
   
3. 
   the result of an accidental discovery at McDonald's
   
4. 
   a known item but a fresh product for McDonald's