Project: sc090025/R1

Document Outline

• 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Overall project aims
  • 1.2 General background
  • 1.3 Objectives
• 2. Energy usage and evaluation
  • 2.1 Energy terms and units
  • 2.2 Carbon usage
  • 2.3 Life cycle costs
• 3. Pumping station fundamentals
  • 3.1 Pump selection
  • 3.2 Archimedean screw pumps
  • 3.3 Axial flow pumps and mixed flow pumps
  • 3.4 Centrifugal flow pumps
  • 3.5 Specific speed
  • 3.6 Pump driver
  • 3.7 Net positive suction head and cavitation
  • 3.8 System characteristics
  • 3.9 System calculations
  • 3.10 Hazen-Williams formula
  • 3.11 Colebrook-White equation
  • 3.12 Swamee and Jain equation
  • 3.13 Design duty – including maximum/minimum demand evaluation
  • 3.14 Siphonic recovery systems
  • 3.15 Sump model tests
  • 3.16 Pre-swirl at pump intakes
  • 3.17 Vorticity
  • 3.18 Air ingestion
  • 3.19 Screening
  • 3.20 Level control
  • 3.21 Catchment characteristics
  • 3.22 Wind pumps
• 4. Existing pumping stations
  • 4.1 Opportunities 
  • 4.2 Pumps
  • 4.3 System characteristics
  • 4.4 Operation and control
• 5. Refurbished pumping stations
  • 5.1 Opportunities 
  • 5.2 Pumps
  • 5.3 System characteristics
  • 5.4 Operation and control
  • 5.5 Sump model tests
• 6. New pumping stations
  • 6.1 Opportunities 
  • 6.2 PLC control systems
  • 6.3 Remote control systems
  • 6.4 High efficiency motors
  • 6.5 Accurate flow and level monitoring device
  • 6.6 Pumps
  • 6.7 System characteristics
  • 6.8 Operation and control
  • 6.9 Sump model tests
• 7. System testing
  • 7.1 Estimation 
  • 7.2 Useful additional information
  • 7.3 Evaluation of results 
• 8. Spreadsheet tool 
  • 8.1 Scope and limitations
  • 8.2 Key points
  • 8.3 Completing the spreadsheet for centrifugal and axial pumps
    • 8.3.1 Site details
    • 8.3.2 Put in details of the existing pump
    • 8.3.3 Put in details of the existing power source and motor
    • 8.3.4 Pipe details
    • 8.3.5 How does the site operate?
    • 8.3.6 What changes would you like to make?
    • 8.3.7 What pump would you like to install?
    • 8.3.8 What power source will be used?
    • 8.3.9 What frequency will the VSD operate at?
    • 8.3.10 What pipe and fittings will be in the new system?
    • 8.3.11 Proposed Operational Details?
    • 8.3.12 Annual Energy Savings from Changes
    • 8.3.13 System graphs
  • 8.4 Completing the spreadsheet for Archimedean screw pumps
    • 8.4.1 Site details
    • 8.4.2 Details of the existing screw
    • 8.4.3 How does the current pump operate?
    • 8.4.4 What would you like to change?
    • 8.4.5 Details of the new screw
    • 8.4.6 How would you like to change the way the site operates?
    • 8.4.7 Annual energy savings from changes
  • 8.5 Using the pump start calculator
    • 8.5.1 Site details
    • 8.5.2 Sump details
    • 8.5.3 Start and stop levels
    • 8.5.4 Pumping flow rate
  • 8.6 Troubleshooting 
  • 8.7 Definitions and background information
    • 8.7.1 Level from which all heights are measured
    • 8.7.2 Pump nameplate
    • 8.7.3 Pump curves and test data
    • 8.7.4 Pumping levels - Pumping station with syphonic or submerged discharge
    • 8.7.5 Pumping levels - Typical pumping station with free discharge
    • 8.7.6 Pumping levels – General comments
    • 8.7.7 Common delivery mains
    • 8.7.8 Pumping levels – Screw pumps
• 9. References