Primary and secondary parts of the speech

THE PREDICATE

• The predicate denotes the action or property of the thing expressed by the subject. It can be expressed by numerous ways. The predicate expresses the predicative feature which characterized the object expressed by the subject, thus it realizes the categorial function. Being link between the subject and the right environment of the verb, it performs the relative function. According to morphological characteristics, four types of predicates can be singled out: - verbal;- nominal;- phraseological;- contaminated.
• The predicate can be subject to the syntactic process of complication, thus, according to their structural characteristics, predicates can be simple and complicated. Therefore, eight types of predicates can be identified:

Examples:

• Simple verbal: I took an apple.
• Simple nominal: The coincidence was extraordinary.
• Simple phraseological: He gave me a smile.
• Simple contaminated: He sat motionless.
• Complicated verbal: The girl began to cry.
• Complicated nominal: He turned out to be a thief.
• Complicated phraseological: You should have taken a look at the map.
• Complicated contaminated: He seemed to be lying asleep.

SIMPLE SUBJECT

• Noun or pronoun that, when stripped of all words that modify it, is known as the simple subject. Consider the following example:
• Ex: A piece of pepperoni pizza would satisfy his hunger.
• The subject is built around the noun “piece” with the other words of the subject –”a” and “of pepperoni pizza” –modifying the noun. “Piece” is the simple subject.