Present Perfect yasash uchun biz have va has

Present perfect

1. 
   Present Perfect yasash uchun biz have va has yordamchi fe’lidan so’ng to’g’ri fe’lga ed qo’shamiz noto’g’ri felning 3 shaklini(Past Participle) ishlatamiz. He, she it ga biz has ishlatamiz
   

Ega+have/has+P.P: Ann has lost her passport – Anna pasportini yo’qotdi

Esda saqlang: noto’g’ri fellarning P.P ya’ni 3 shakli

fe’lning oddiy shakli	simple past(o’tgan zamon shakli)	past participle(fe’lning 3 shakli)
go	went	gone
break	broke	broken
see	saw	seen

2. 
   Present Perfectning bo‘lishsiz shakli have yoki has yordamchi fe’lidan keyin not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
   

Ega +have/has+not+P.P: Ann has not lost her passport – Anna pasportini yo’qotmadi

• 
  I have not worked, he has not worked, we have not worked.
  

3. 
   Present Perfectning so’roq shaklini have va has yordamchi fe’lini egadan oldinga qo’yish orqali yasaymiz
   

Have/has+ ega+P.P: Has Ann lost her passport? – Anna pasportini yo’qotdimi?

Present Perfectni ishlatilishi

1. 
   Hozirgi tugallangan zamon (Present Perfect) o’tgan zamonda bajarib tugatilgan va natijasi hozirgi zamonda ko’rinib turgan ish-harakatga nisbatan ishlatiladi.
   

• 
  I have bought a new house – Men yangi uy sotib oldim (Sotib olganlish ish-harakatim tugab bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasi – menda yangi uyning borligi vaqti hali tugagani yo’q, menda hali ham o’sha uy bor!).
  
• 
  I have broken my pencil. – Men qalamimni sindirib qo’ydim(sindirish jarayoni allaqachon tugadi, lekin uning natijasi qalamni singani hozir ham mavjuda qalam hozir ham siniq.)
  
• 
  He has cleaned his room – U xonasini tozaladi (Tozalash jarayoni, ish-harakati allaqachon nihoyasiga yetib bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasida kelib chiqqan xonaning tozaligi hozirda ham mavjud. Uning xonasi hozir ham toza).
  

Izoh: Tepada ko’rgan misollarizda ish-harakat tugagan masalan yangi uy sotib olish tugadi. Siz sotib olib bo’ldingiz ammo o’sha ish-harakatni sodir qilgan natijasi tugamadi va hozirda ko’rnib turibdi. Uy sotib oldim deb Hozirgi tugallangan zamonda aytsangiz biz nimani tushunamiz: Biz hozirda sizda yangi uy borligini bilib olamiz. Hozirgi tugallangan zamonda ish-harakat tugagan lekin natijasi hozirda ko’rnib turadi. Pastdagi misollarga e’tibor bering:

• 
  I have cleaned my shoes – Men oyoq kiyimlarimni tozaladim (natijada ular hozir toza).
  
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