Strucutre of action=Harakat stukturasi:
(+) S+Vs/es/ies+Obj.
She speaks English fluently.
(-) S+do/does+not+V+Obj.
She does not speak English fluently.
(?) (QW)+do/does+S+V+Obj?
(Why) does She speak English
fluently?
(-?) (QW)+do/does+S+not+V+Obj?
(Why) does She not speak English
fluently?
(-?) (QW)+don’t/doesn’t+S +V+Obj?
(Why) doesn’t She speak English
fluently?
Strucutre of condition=Holat stukturasi:
(+) S+am/is/are+adj/noun/number.
We are students.
(-) S+am/is/are+not+adj/noun/number.
We are not students.
(?) (QW) am/is/are+S+ adj/noun/number?
Who is he? Where is he?
(-?) (QW) am/is/are+S+not+adj/noun/number?
Is he not a doctor in hospital?
(-?) (QW) aren’t/aren’t/isn’t +S+ adj/noun/number?
Isn’t he a doctor in hospital?
2.Agarda fe’lning oxirgi harfi (x/o/ch/sh/s/ss) harflari bilan tugasa, bu fe’lga –ES qo’shimchasi
qo’shiladi.
Ex: She watches TV in the evening on weekdays
3.Agarda fe’lning oxirgi harfi (consonant/undosh+y) kabi shaklda tugasa, bu holatda y harfi
tushurilib o’rniga –ies qo’shimchasi qo’chiladi. Ex: She studies in Samarkand State Institute of
Foreign Languages.
4.Agarda fe’lning oxirgi harfi (vowel/unli+y) kabi shaklda tugasa, bu holatda shunchaki –s
qo’shimchasi qo’chiladi Ex: She buys clothes two times a month.
5.Yuqoridagi fe’lga qo’shiladigan qo’shimchalar faqatgina gapning egasi 3-shaxs birlikda
bo’lsagina qo’shiladi. Asosan He/She/It/Singular nouns-birlikdagi otlar. Bo’lgandagina. Ex: She
buys clothes two times a month. He watches TV in the evening on weekdays
6.Harakat strukturasidagi Do 3-shaxs birlikda bo’lmagan barcha egalar bilan ishlatilinadi. Does
esa 3-shaxs birlikda bo’lsagina ishlatilinadi.
7.Factlar, doimiy vaziyatlar.
John works for an insurance company.
British people drink a lot of tea, while Americans drink more coffee.
8.Kelasi zamonda rasmiy jadvallar asosida sodir bo`ladigan ish-harakatlar. (majhul nisbatda
ishlatilmaydi)
The tour departs on October 11
th
for 15 days and costs $495.
9.Deklaratsiyalar va rasmiy e`lonlar.( majhul nisbatda ishlatilmaydi)
I declare our Fifth Annual Conference open.
I promise never to smoke again.
10.Bu ma`noda perfermative fe`llar ishlatilinadi.
11.Present continuous shaxsiy rejalarni present simple esa rasmiy hodisalarni bildiradi.
12.Performative fe’llar ish-harakatni bajarish uchun o’sha ish-harakatning nomini aytish kifoya
qilinadigan fe’llar.
To accept-qabul qilmoq to acknowledge – tan olmoq to agree – rozi bo’lmoq to advise –
maslahat bermoq to apologize – uzr so’ramoq to forbid – taqiqlamoq to recommend- tavsiya
bermoq to assume to claim to congratulate to declare to demand to deny to disagree to forbid to
forgive to gurantee to hope to inform to insist yo order to predict to promise to recommend to
refuse to request to suggest to suppose to swear to thank to warn
13.Bizda bor ma’lumotni bayon qilish yoki tasdiqlashda (majhul nisbatda ishlatilinmaydi)
14.Bu ma’noda ishlatilinadigan fe’llar:
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