Практическая грамматика

§ 10. The Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect.
1. The Past Perfect is not used to denote a succession of actions. In this case the Past Indefinite is used.
The Past Indefinite is used with the conjunctions after, before, when if the relation between the actions approaches succession, i. e. when the idea of completion is of no importance.
He went on with his work after he had a short rest.
He had a short rest before he went on with his work.
When I wrote the letter, I posted it.
2. Verbs of motion and sense perception such as to come, to arrive, to return, to see, to hear, in adverbial clauses of time are generally used in the Past Indefinite and not in the Past Perfect. The actions are practically simultaneous.
When he came down, ... he found his mother scrupulous in a low evening dress... (Galsworthy)
When he heard the first line of the poem, he recognized it at once.
When the completion of the action is emphasized the Past Perfect is used.
He knew the poem by heart when he had heard it several times.


§ 11. The use of the Future Perfect.
1. The Future Perfect is used to show that an action will already be completed by a certain time in the future.
I will have retired by the year 2020.
This tense is often used with by and not... till/ until + time and with verbs which point to completion: to build, to complete, to finish. We also often use the Future Perfect after verbs like believe, expect, hope, suppose.
I shall be back by six, and I hope you will have had a good sleep by that time. (Marryat)
Я вернусь к шести, и, надеюсь, ты хорошенько выспишься к тому времени.
I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.
Я думаю, ты изменишь свое мнение до завтра.
2. The Future Perfect can denote an action? which will begin before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will be going on at that moment. This use of the Future Perfect is called the Future Perfect Inclusive.
The Future Perfect Inclusive is used with verbs not admitting of the Continuous form, in negative sentences, with non-terminative verbs such as to work, to live, to study, to teach etc.
By this time next week I will have worked for the company
for 24 years.
We will have been married a year on June 25^th.