PowerPoint Presentation 323 Morphology

3.2 The form of Morphological Rules

‘in an A manner’.
Another term is iterate = [+Iterative] , which means to do over and over again.:
E.g. iterative <--> do over and over again.(V)
E.g. iterative <--> pertaining to doing over and over again. (Adj)
Which of the two above terms is appropriate to describe slowly?
Note that there is a correspondence between the way I have transposed H’s way of writing a lexical entry with paradigmatic cells and horizontal cells:
E.g. {/X/, V, ‘x’} =
This is technically called a notational variant. This notation does not correspond with or is not a notational variant of the morpheme based notation. There are differences (theoretical) between the two notations. In the morpheme based notation, V is a class of verb stems, while in word-based theory, V is a verbal word-form. Stems are not recognized in word-based morphology.

3.2 The form of Morphological Rules

H generalizes the word-based by replacing ‘write’ with ‘X’:
E.g. ‘one who Xs’
‘X’ stands for a simple word form,
In the morpheme based model, one can do similarly:
{X, V-wordform, /x/}, where /x/ is the sign of X.
X stands for any member of the set of lexemes.

3.2 The form of Morphological Rules

There does not appear to be a big difference with the exception that the word-based grammar uses repetition. H uses ‘X’ which really means the set of words of a given class. The section following on morpheme subtraction seems to support the notion of a morpheme rather than a string of phonemes. Set theory predicts morphemes, word-based grammar does not. H mentions that bases are not necessary. Another difference is that in word-based grammar, the entire word-based form corresponds to another word-based form. In morpheme based grammar, the mapping is from function to sign and vice versa. In the morpheme based model we need to be more specific of rule writing. The concatenation rules of Morphology will join sign of the lexeme and the sign of the grammeme. The feature [+Suffix] tells us that the grammeme is a suffix to be adjoined to the right end of a lexeme, and the feature [V-host] tells us that the host, the lexeme to which it must be adjoined, must be a verb. Similarly, [N-host] tells us that the host is a noun. Although Chomsky uses A for modifiers, we must be careful to exclude degree words and phrases from A: A = {adjective, adverb}. Therefore, WRITE and [+Progressive ([+Prog]) <--> /rajt-iŋ /. The rules for obtaining a verb and one of its inflectional suffixes is determined in the syntax, especially where syntax and morphology overlap. I taught this approach in syntax (L322) for several years. Where as some linguists believe there is no formal division between syntax and morphology (the distinction is one of convenience rather than formal), there are others who believe that the words syntax and morphology should not be used in the same sentence. (I suspect that H is leaning in the direction of the latter.)
The schemas are not a theoretical device, but a descriptive device. Recall the 3 goals of a theory. The main point of word-based grammars are the schemas. That is where a true comparison will occur. The schemas have no explanatory value. Recall that our third goal is to find the best explanatory system that will account for the facts of the corpus.
H will have more to say on this later. Therefore, we should not make any conclusions at this time, but we should try to understand both approaches.