Підручник для студентів старших курсів

attributive noun groups are another powerful means of effecting brevity in news items, e.g. ‘heart swap patient’ (Morning Star), ‘the national income and expenditure figures’ (The Times), ‘Labour backbench decision’. (Morning Star)

There are some other salient tendencies in news reporting:

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  a wide use of dashes which seem to have a sharper effect of separating words and phrases from neighbouring text than do commas. Dashes have different functions in a news report: they may add on an afterthought or enclose a parenthetic phrase, e.g. ‘The committee – which was investigating the working of the 1969 Children and Young Persons Act – said that some school children …’ (Morning Star)
  

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  a habit of news reporters to include a lot of information about the participants of the events described. They are categorized, their names are usually preceded and modified by such general terms, as owner, chief, businessman, prisoner, official, e.g. Mr. Carpenter, Chief Secretary to the Treasury; and adjectives, e.g. handsome French singer Bruno; twice-divorced, blue-eyed, blond actress Sally Smith;
  

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  the age of a person is often given in a characteristic way, where the numeral which modifies the proper noun, follows it, e.g. Mr. Green, 43;
  

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  an extensive use of quotations which are introduced both quite directly, explicitly, e.g. N. said that or indirectly without quotation marks or somehow else.
  

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  a characteristic trick of reporters is to begin a sentence with an adverbial phrase comprising Participle II, followed by some kind of complement, e.g. interviewed at the scene last night; asked about…; when told of…;
  

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  explicitly expressed time and place adverbials, e.g. in Paris yesterday, facts and figures, e.g. 66 people were killed in a bomb blast…;
  

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  news reporting has developed some new sentence patterns not typical of other styles, firstly, it refers to the position of the adverbial modifier of definite time, e.g. ‘Mystery last night surrounded the whereabouts of a girl who may never know how rich she could be.’ (Sunday Mirror);
  

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