Physics-mathematics faculty topics for exams

Uzbekistan’s Relations with Other Countries
After becoming an independent state, Uzbekistan was recognized by 131 countries, and diplomatic relations were established with more than 103 of them.
The president of Uzbekistan visited many countries in order to strengthen economic, cultural and security relations. Different agreements with Turkey, China, India, Saudi Arabia, France and other countries have been signed.
No state can live without foreign economic relations. Uzbekistan maintains foreign economic ties with many countries in the world and participates in different international festivals, exhibitions and so on. Many industrial enterprises are trying to independently sell their products on the world market. Import greatly exceeds export in foreign economic relations. Uzbekistan has trade relations with many countries, including the USA, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, India, Singapore, Thailand and Turkey.


Great Britain
Great Britain is situated on a large island lying to the west of Europe. It consists of England, Scotland and Wales.
Long ago the greater part of the country was covered with forests. Now there are practically no forests there but there are very many trees that give beauty to the countryside. Some parts of England are really beautiful. There are many rivers, lakes, hells and mountains there.
The rivers in Britain are not long. Many of them are joined by canals, so that it is quite possible to travel by water from one end of England to the other.
The rivers never frieze there. In winter there is much rain and few sunny days. The summers are never very hot and there is often much rain. One of the chief reasons for such a mild climate in Great Britain is that a stream of warm water called the Gulf Stream washes northern coast of the country.
London is the capital of England. It is also the capital of the United Kingdom, which consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Manchester, Liverpool and Sheffield are big towns in England. The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast.
Scotland is situated in north of Great Britain while Wales is situated in the south. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.
Wales is a splendid country both for its traditions and for its scenery. Some of the mountains there are wooded others are bare and wild. In some places the mountains run right into the sea. The little cottages and farmhouses on the slopes of the mountains are very lonely. The quite lakes and rivers of the valleys are very nice. Wales is the biggest mining centre in Great Britain. The chief town there is Cardiff.
Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh are university towns in Britain.


London
London, the capital of Great Britain, is an ancient city. Its ancient name Lyn-Din (or Londinium) means “a lonely port”. In the year 55 B.C. Caesar came to this place from Rome. Later other invaders came to the British shores and conquered the land. In 1066 it was conquered by William the duke of Normandy. He settled in Londinium which became London since that time.
Today London is one of the biggest cities in the world. Its population including the suburbs is more than eight million people.
The main parts of London are the West End, the East End, the City and Westminster. Some people say that the West End is the goods of London, the East End is the hand of London and the City is the money of London. Westminster is the administrative centre of London. The houses of Parliament – the seat of the British Government – are situated here.
London is famous for its places of interest. There are many architectural, art and historical monuments in London such as the British Museum, the Tower of London, the National Gallery, Buckingham Palace, the Nelson Column and many others. Thousands of tourists from all parts of the world come to London to see its sights.