People of Switzerland

Urban settlements

Some cities in Switzerland originally developed around monasteries (e.g., Sankt Gallen) or around Roman settlements (e.g., Zürich and Lausanne). Within the Alps of Vaud, Vevey and Montreux were sited on small deltas jutting into Lake Geneva that provided flat land near the mountainous north shore; in the Alps of Ticino, Locarno and Ascona developed on the delta of the Maggia River. Many settlements evolved from their distinct sites. For example, Fribourg (founded in 1157) and Bern (1191) were established at strategic river crossings. Fribourg was sited on a loop of the entrenched Sarine River where a key trade route crossed the river; Bern was located on the easily defended great bend of the Aare. Both developed distinctive central cores with unified urban architecture. Each Swiss city is geographically unique, particularly those lying at the head of a lake, such as Zürich, Geneva, and Lucerne (Luzern), which were essentially harbour towns until the opening of the railroads. Today all three benefit from the summer lake steamers that transport large numbers of tourists. Situated where, respectively, the Limmat, Rhône, and Reuss rivers drain the lakes, against backdrops of nearby sculpted Alpine peaks, Zürich, Geneva, and Lucerne combine local glacial topography with urban structures, including architecturally significant cathedrals, to form a composite landscape of nature and culture. Hill towns such as Regensberg and Gruyères, which were medieval fortified settlements with castles and distinctive late Gothic architecture, have a natural dominance over the local region that was significant at the time of their origin. Today both survive largely because tourists are attracted to their relatively unspoiled appearances.

Shveytsariya xalqi
Birlik sifatida omon qolish va ularning himoyasi bo'lgan betaraflikni himoya qilish uchun Shveytsariya xalqining turli xil elementlari o'zaro hamkorlikni o'rganishlari kerak edi. Ularning dunyoqarashi asosan iqtisodiy va siyosiy zarurat bilan shakllangan, bu esa Shveytsariya jamoatchiligini innovatsiyalarni qabul qilishda realistik, ehtiyotkor va ehtiyotkor bo'lishga va o'z resurslaridan foydalanishda ijodiy bo'lishga imkon berdi. Shveytsariyaning inson resurslari asosan tog'li, qishloq va dengizga chiqish imkoni bo'lmagan cheklangan tabiiy resurslarga ega bo'lgan mamlakatni dunyodagi eng diversifikatsiyalangan va muhim sanoat va tijorat davlatlaridan biriga aylantirish uchun samarali o'qitildi va samarali foydalanildi.