in itself bad, but that the disciples, aware of their weakness, would prefer not to
have to face it.⁷ As in 4:1–11, it is possible to discern in the same circumstances
both the devil’s “tempting” and God’s “testing” of his people.
Those who understand the petitions of this prayer as having a primarily
eschatological focus tend to read this “testing” as referring to a specific event,
the tribulation which was to introduce the end times.⁸
But the lack of a definite
article before peirasmon suggests that the focus is not so specific (nor is
peirasmos a recognized term for this idea). Moreover, a community eagerly
looking for the eschatological consummation could hardly pray to be spared this
“time of trial,” without which the final dénouement could not come. Their prayer
would rather be to be preserved safe through it (the second line of v. 13 rather
than the first). As in the prayer as a whole, while this petition might be made
with an eschatological reference, its wording does not suggest that that is its
main purpose. It relates rather to the testing experiences which are the normal lot
of disciples who try to live according to the principles of the kingdom of God in
a world which does not share those values. The sort of persecution envisaged in
5:11–12 comes to mind. In 26:41 Jesus will again exhort his disciples to pray for
deliverance from peirasmos, with reference to their immediate danger rather than
an eschatological threat.
f. Comment on the Lord’s Prayer (6:14–15)
Here is one of the few echoes of Mark in this discourse: see Mark 11:25 for the
same principle of reciprocal forgiveness in relation to prayer. This expansion of
the principle underlying the petition of v. 12 reflects the typically Matthean
concern, which will be developed especially in the discourse of 18:1–35 (and cf.
5:23–24), that the disciple community should function properly as a group
whose values have been transformed by their acceptance of God’s kingship in
their life together. It puts into simple propositional form the message of the
parable of the two debtors in 18:23–35. In 26:28 Jesus will place the forgiveness
of sins at the heart of his mission. But if the disciple community which results
from that mission is to be and to function as a community of the forgiven, its
members cannot themselves begrudge forgiveness to others. In these verses the
conditional element which was apparently implicit in v. 12 becomes quite
explicit, and is emphasized by being stated both positively and negatively. Only
the forgiving will be forgiven.
The stark simplicity of this pronouncement raises uncomfortable questions. First,
how does this conditional forgiveness relate to the gospel of free and unmerited
grace which Paul proclaims? Does our act of forgiving earn our forgiveness from
God? The same problem arises elsewhere in Matthew, notably in 25:31–46,
where we shall have to consider how far the salvation of the “righteous” is
dependent on their behavior toward other people in need. It is neatly
encapsulated in the parable of 22:1–14, where apparently undeserving people
(“both bad and good”) are drafted into the wedding feast, and yet one of those is
subsequently ejected for being improperly dressed. Salvation according to that
parable may be undeserved and unexpected, but it is not without conditions. Like
the debtor of 18:23–35, one of the recipients of grace turns out not to meet the
expectations on which the continuation of that salvation depends. So also here, if
the forgiveness of sins which is achieved through the saving death of Jesus
(26:28) is not matched by an appropriately forgiving attitude on the disciple’s
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: