Schneiderman Prelims Vol-I. qxd

PRIMARY CUTANEOUS DISEASES
Albinism – tyrosinase negative (type IA), yellow mutant (type
IB), platinum, tyrosinase positive (type II), minimal pigment,
brown, rufous, Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome – hypopigmented
skin and hair 
JAAD 19:217–255, 1988
Albinoidism 
JAAD 19:217–255, 1988
Alopecia areata – white (hair) overnight 
AD 102:162–167, 1970;
white lunulae 
Ghatan p.80, 2002, Second Edition
Atopic dermatitis – white dermatographism 
Rook p.2128, 1998,
Sixth Edition; pallor around mouth, nose, and ears Ghatan
p.125, 2002, Second Edition; post-inflammatory depigmentation
in dark skinned patients secondary to rubbing and
lichenification
Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
Balanitis xerotica obliterans
Bier’s spots
Canities – white hair
DIFFUSE HYPOMELANOSIS OF SCALP HAIR
Book syndrome
Chediak–Higashi syndrome
Chronic protein loss or deficiency (kwashiorkor, renal disease,
inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption) 
Down’s syndrome
Elejalde’s syndrome
Fanconi syndrome
702
A CLINICIAN’S GUIDE TO DERMATOLOGIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, VOLUME 1
Schneiderman page 600-722.qxd 5/16/2006 6:51 PM Page 702

---

Griscelli’s syndrome
Hallerman–Streiff syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
Prolidase syndrome
Treacher Collins syndrome
Vitamin B
12
deficiency
PREMATURE GRAYING
Ataxia telangiectasia
Bird-headed dwarfism (Seckel’s syndrome) 
Fisch syndrome
Hereditary premature canities
Myotonic dystrophy
Oasthouse disease
Piebaldism
Prolidase deficiency
Progeria
Rothmund–Thomson syndrome
Sudden whitening of hair
Vitiligo
Waardenburg syndrome
Werner syndrome
Clear cell papulosis – white macules and papules
BJD 138:678–683, 1998
Darier’s disease – perifollicular depigmented macules
BJD 827–830, 1989; linear white streaks of nails
Rook p.2841–2842, 1998, Sixth Edition; JAAD 27:40–50,
1992; white lunulae Ghatan p.80, 2002, Second Edition
Dyshidrosis
Epidermolysis bullosa – Weber–Cockayne variant with plantar
bullae
Fibroelastolytic papulosis of the neck 
BJD 137:461–466, 1997
Granuloma multiforme – upper trunk and arms; papules
evolving into annular plaques with geographical, polycyclic
borders; heal centrally with depigmented macules; Central
Africa 
Rook p.2309, 1998, Sixth Edition
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis 
JAAD 23:681–684, 1990
Leukonychia – congenital 
JAAD 39:509–512, 1998; totalis BJD
152:401–402, 2005; association of leukonychia with knuckle
pads and mixed hearing loss 
NEJM 276:202–207, 1967;
association of leukonychia totalis, sebaceous cysts, renal calculi
AD 111:899–901, 1975; association with peptic ulcer disease
and cholelithiasis
NY State J Med 1982:1797–1800; association
with keratoderma and hypotrichosis 
BJD 133:636–638, 1995;
palmoplantar keratoderma and atrophic fibrosis 
Int J Derm
29:535–541, 1990; pili torti Cutis 1985:533–534; congenital
hypoparathyroidism; hypoparathyroidism, onychorrhexis and
cataracts, LEOPARD syndrome 
Int J Derm 29:535–541, 1990;
Hailey–Hailey disease (longitudinal leukonychia) 
Hautarzt
43:451–452, 1992; fungal infection, zinc deficiency,
tuberculosis, malignancy, heavy metal poisoning, typhoid fever,
Raynaud’s phenomenon, sulfathiazole, trazolone,
chemotherapeutic agents minor trauma, psoriasis, Darier’s
disease, Mee’s lines (white transverse bands) seen with arsenic
poisoning, pellagra, malnutrition, typhoid fever, Hodgkin’s
disease, renal failure, renal allograft rejection, and myocardial
infarction 
Dermatol Clin 6:305–313, 1988; Muehrcke’s lines of
hypoalbuminemia; apparent leukonychia (diffuse whitening of
the nail bed) – Terry’s nails 
Lancet 1:757–759, 1954; ulcerative
colitis 
Semin Dermatol 10:17–20, 1991, anemia and leprosy;
exogenous causes of diffuse leukonychia – direct contact with
nitric acid, nitrite solution or concentrated sodium chloride
Semin Dermatol 10:17–20, 1991; punctate leukonychia due
to trauma 
Rook p.2830, 1998, Sixth Edition; apparent
leukonychia – pale nail bed due to anemia, edema, vascular
insufficiency 
Rook p.2830, 1998, Sixth Edition
Lichen planus, atrophic
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (balanitis xerotica obliterans
(lichen sclerosus of the glans)) – non-bullous or bullous
World
J Urol 18:382–387, 2000; Genital Skin Disorders, Fischer and
Margesson, CV Mosby p.1189–193, 1998; AD 123:1391–1396,
1987; purpuric Ped Derm 10:129–131, 1993; guttate variant; of
the scalp 
BJD 103:197–200, 1980
Palmoplantar keratoderma
Perifollicular macular atrophy (perifollicular elastolysis) –
gray–white finely wrinkled round areas of atrophy with central
hair follicle 
BJD 83:143–150, 1970
Pityriasis alba
Pityiasis lichenoides chronica 
BJD 100:297–302, 1979
Poliosis 
Rook p.2964, 1998, Sixth Edition
Psoriasis – Woronoff’s ring; pustular psoriasis
Symmetrical lividity of the soles
Vitiligo – face, axillae, groin, areolae, genitalia, areas of trauma
or friction 
JAMA 293:730–735, 2005; JAAD 38:647–666, 1998;
Genital Skin Disorders, Fischer and Margesson, CV Mosby
p.194, 1998
White forelock – isolated finding