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Educational decision diagrams in biomedical and life sciences…
The textbook chapter contained approx. 800 words, 25 sche
-
mas (dentition images) and 3 tables. The dental pathway included
approx. 2000 words, 11 dentition schemas and was accessible
through a standard web browser. The text content and images
of the dental pathway were displayed
upon selection of the
relevant shape with a mouse pointer (Fig. 3).The virtual patient
case was a simple web application presenting a set of linearly
ordered screen cards showing the progress in teeth growth of
a child in a 14 years’ period.
All materials were presented in a self-study scenario, in
which students were invited to attend
a class and asked to learn
individually using a computer. None of the students had prior
experience with dental age estimation. The scenario in the irst
15-20 minutes was the same for all students (N = 30) and in-
volved reading basic information about dentition presented as
a computer-based anthropological case (virtual patient). The
second part, in which students were randomly divided into two
groups, took 20-30 minutes. Members of one group (N = 17) were
studying
individually a dental pathway, whereas the members
of the second group (N = 13) were reading a textbook chapter.
Finally, every student got three pictures with dentition in order to
practice estimation of the child’s developmental age.
Fig. 2.
Overview of the dental pathway
One week after the class students
were tested to investigate
whether gained knowledge and skills could be retained. Students
were not informed in advance about the test. The subjects were
given a short knowledge test and ive pictures of children teeth to
check their practical skills. Students’ satisfaction with the learning
scenario was measured by a survey consisting of 5-point Likert’s
scale questions and free-text questions.
Fig. 3.
Pop-up window activated upon selection of a pathway
element by a mouse pointer
Obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,
signiicance tests of median difference (Mann-Whitney) and
inally, correlations between the study variables were sought
(Spearman r).
Results
It was shown that students’ basic knowledge (gained during
self-study with virtual patient Adaś) was good (Fig. 4).
Fig. 4.
Students’ results
in theoretical questions
20
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Educational decision diagrams in biomedical and life sciences…
The average mark in theoretical questions was 3,5 (in
a 4-points scale). Students had no problems with text com-
prehension in the anthropological case description (“
Was content
of virtual patient comprehensible?
” average 4,6 in 5-points scale),
textbook and developmental pathway (respectively mean 4,0
and 4,5). Most of them agreed that both textbook and pathway
were helpful learning resources to learn evaluation of dental age
(Fig. 5. average 4,1 in textbook group and 4,4 in pathway, no
signiicant difference (p = 0,22)). Developmental pathway was
rated as a good tool for self-study (mean 4,2). Positive students’
attitude was conirmed by practical test cases (Fig. 6). In addition,
the higher grades students had in theoretical part, the better they
managed with practical tests (r = 0,45; p < 0,05). While comparing
practical skills of students in both groups, it occurred that there
was no signiicant difference in the retaining effect of self-study
between textbook and pathways (Fig. 7). Students learning
with dental pathways reached 5,4
points in average, whereas
students using anthropological textbook reached 5,8 points (in
10 points scale; p = 0,66).
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