Молодой учёный Международный научный журнал

The composition of biological gas
Kuryazov Kuryaz, teacher; 
Urantayeva Nasiba, English teacher; 
Yavbasarov Doniyor, student
Urgench State University
T
he composition of biological gas varies depending on how 
it is obtained and which kind of raw materials are used for it. 
Biological gas is characterized by stability, which is produced 
with the help of biological gas plants by fermenting raw 
materials under the influence of bacteria. As raw materials 
are usedas organic wastes, as well as garbage and plant waste. 
In the methane decomposition of the raw mass participate 
in forming hydrolytic, acid and methane bacteria. Biological 
gas is formed in the process of decomposition of organic 
substances on fats, sugar and amino acids, interacting with 
methanogenic bacteria. Biological gas, obtained in biological 
gas plants, is a mixture of gases, among which the largest 
percentage is methane and carbon dioxide. In addition to 
these gases in the composition present hydrogen, hydrogen 
sulphide and others. Biological gas can be biomethane or 
biohydrogen. Biomethane is an analogue of a of a natural gas. 
Its basis is methane.
Approximately biological gas components are in the 
following proportions:
— Methane is 40–70 %
— Carbon dioxide is 30–60 %
— Hydrogen sulfide is 0–3 %
— Hydrogen is 0–1 %
— Other gases is 1–5 %
55 % methane content in biological gas allows it to be 
used as a source of energy in heating system, engines, gas 
columns and stoves.
The quality of biological gas is directly dependent on the 
quality and composition of biological mass. Carbohydrates 
that make up a raw substrate give less methane than proteins 
and fats. For example, corn contains a lot of carbohydrates, 
from it you can get less than 53 % of methane. Raw materials 
in which more fats, will give a high percentage of methane in 
biological gas, thereby increasing its energy value. But the 

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