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FUNCTIONAL- SEMANTIC FIELD OF SWEARING IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
LANGUAGES
Mamadalıyeva Dılorom Dılshod qızı
Uzbek state world languages unıversıty
teacher
Nowadays learning speech genre “oath” in linguistics has grown.
In the scientific
researches on the speech genre “oath” has been studied in different languages, mainly
in Jordan, Arabic, Russian, etc., with great emphasis on its literary,
linguistic and
functional features. Russian linguists have studied the religious and historical, linguistic,
functional-pragmatic forms of the the speech genre “oath”. X. Almutlak examined the
oath-taking oportunities in the Jordanian context.
Because of its vast scale of speech genre “oath” in the language system, it is desirable to
be aware of the linguistic nature of the language system being studied and compared.
Because every nation that speaks a language has its own views and traditions that are
different from each other. For example, when the baptismal promise of a baptized father
at the baptism was widely practiced among Christian believers. This can not be found in
traditions of the Uzbek people. Thus, in the definition and classification of speech genre
“oath”, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the language in which the oath is
expressed, the national-religious beliefs of the people spoken in the chosen language,
the state system in the country, as well as the form and meaning of the oaths.
As you know, there are specific laws of any country and there are types of official oaths
as defined in these laws. It is strictly required that any person entrusted with a certain
post or profession in the Republic of Uzbekistan adopt the oath (such as the president,
the judge, the notary, the doctor, the oath). Under the British law there are mainly oath
of allegiance, oath of office, and legal oaths. The peculiarity of these oaths is that in the
UK authorities' or organizations, the rules of the administration are strictly enforced by
which certain oaths should be exercised. For example, it is restricted to taking an oath
of allegiance in military service, access to citizenship, and so forth. However, the person
who is in office at the official and religious offices must take office in addition to the oath
of allegiance. In addition, there is a special Oath for Doctors (Hippocratic Oath) in
England.
Religion is a symbol of belief in the life of every nation. In Britain, religion is separated
as a self-employed organization. Accordingly, the English Church has its own domestic
law. In the churches, oaths are so different. For example, simple vows are accepted by a
sister, a brother (sister), ceremonial oaths (solemn vow) are taken by monks. Of course,
in the semantics of those oaths lies the covenant, promise, conviction, and convocation.
Although these oaths
are close to official oaths, they differ greatly from religious
ceremonies and religious expressions. In English, such oaths are usually referred to as a
vow. For example, a vow of chastity, a vow of obedience. Studying the religious positions
or titles associated with the English linguistic
community requires a broader
understanding of Christianity. It is strictly required to adopt a series of special oaths
from any person who is in charge of religious service, education. Most of these oaths are
observed in Christian-religion lands. They (monks) are required to take several
hierarchical oaths in order to prove themselves self-sacrificing. Monarch's
lifestyle
requires the sincerity of any matter. For this reason, the consciousness and the heart of
the monarch have been purified spiritually in connection with the adoption of several
religious oaths, including through the adoption of the oaths of the sacred triumph, a vow
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of chastity, deception and traps of Satan (a vow of obidience) as a covenant and promise
to fight. The forms of religious oaths are diverse, with the bishop's desire to accept it.
However, there are temporary vows for all churches that are accepted by a new minister
of religion. These oaths will be practiced throughout their lifetime of three to nine years,
until the oath of allegiance, which is called the solemn oath of allegiance. The period
from three to nine years implies a considerable amount of time to consider one's life in
the way of God. Such oaths shall be accepted only by the church servants and staff. It
should be said that the oaths of the church were formed as an example of the sacred
covenant of God and of his servant Jesus Christ, so the meaning of the oaths of the church
plays an important role in the church's life as a covenant with God.
The oath of baptism, wedding which forms an important religious tradition in English is
a semantic promise,
a covenant, a covenant. Wedding vows are called «vow of
marriage», but in Uzbek linguistics it is called marriage contract. In English, the word
vow is used to describe a promise made to God by the word oath. In the English
language, the covenant is given only to God. The wedding vow can not be broken. The
baptism in English linguistics is one of the most important
religious ceremonies of
Christianity. After this ceremony is completed, a person will be accepted into the church
and since then the word baptized has the same meaning as the Christian word. A dead
parent or a baptized mother is required to show the parenting relationship as a parent
of a religious nature. During the ceremony, the priest
asks questions for appointed
father-in-law responded to them. At this ceremony, the promise of a baptized child or a
parent is called the baptismal vows, that is, the oath of baptism. We can see some
examples of the oaths in colloqual speech, such as “by God”, “On my word (means believe
me)” in English and Uzbek.
We can see any types of oaths as a national custom in colloquial speech. For example,
there is a special ritual in English culture that is a swearing off of a bad habit of daily life,
it is a commitment to abstain from behaving harmlessly (smoking, drinking, etc.) to the
health of the speaker. Although this oath is not observed in Uzbek.
