Qarshi davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti ingliz tili va adabiyoti kafedrasi

 
Romanticism in England 
1789-1832 
1.
 
Historical background 
In the latter half of the 18
th
century, a new literary movement arose in Europe, called the 
Romantic Revival. It was marked by a strong protest against the bondage of Classicism, by a 
recognition of the claims of passion and emotion, and by a renewed interest in medieval 
literature. In England, this movement showed itself in the trend of Pre-Romanticism in poetry. 
William Blake and Robert Burns are the representatives.
It covers the period from the beginning of the French bourgeois revolution (1789-1793) to the 
parliamentary reform in England (1832). Viewed in its historical aspect Romanticism may be 
considered to be an expression of reaction against the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, 
and expression of opposition and denial of the capitalist progress. 

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English romanticism can be regarded as an offspring of two great historical events: 1) the 
industrial revolution in England and 2) the French bourgeois revolution of 1789.
The workers movement of the Luddites (1810-1811), otherwise called “frame-breakers” naively 
believed that use of machines was the reason at the bottom of all social evils and expressed their 
protest against exploitation and misery by breaking machines. But in spite of the fact that the 
class contradictions were very great at that time, the main contradiction at the beginning of the 
19
th
century was that the movement of the feudal-monarchic society and bourgeois-democratic 
movement 
Romanticism was the reaction of the aristocratic class and the peasants ruined by the agrarian 
industrial revolutions. Some of the romantic writers reflected the ideology of the classes ruined 
by capitalism. They protested against new social formation and they found their ideals in the 
feudal past. These were reactionary or regressive romanticists. Other authors found their ideals 
in future society free from oppression and exploitation, though they had a very vague idea of this 
society. These were revolutionary or progressive romanticists.