“Birds lingered upon gigantic trees
that took a hundred, two hundred, five thousand days to grow. Everything re-
mained in its place, the birds did not flicker nervously at a hint of sun, nor did
the trees suck back frightenedly when a ray of sunlight poured over them. In
this dream people strolled, they rarely ran, the heart rhythm of them was evenly
languid, not jerking and insane. The grass remained, and did not burn away in
torches. The dream people talked always of tomorrow and living and not tomor-
row and dying. It all seemed so familiar that when Sim felt someone take his hand
he thought it simply another part of the dream.”
2
[ Bradbury Ray., 1947p.287]
- In fact we will do so for our spiritual harmony. “Life is unfair
3
”[ Bredberi
R.,2001;177] (on a damned planet – U.K.), - they were commenting on the circum-
stances they were living.
Ray Bradberi also tries to open Sim’s psyche with the help of dream, and gives
the reader the opportunity to compare the life of a planet with another, life on the real
Earth. As we see, the life on Earth, which Sim saw in his dream, is radically different
from the one on the planet on which is damned. The inhabitants of the Earth live a
meaningful life, their hearts beat evenly. While the life of inhabitants of the damned
planet is restricted (eight days – U.K.); they lives in danger. There is nothing worse
than living and waiting for the last day of a person’s life.
In this way, we can see that Ray Bradbury uses the dream of the main character
of the work as a tool in giving the characters’ mental state. That is, Sim had the op-
1
Translated from: Bredberi R. Muz va olov. Jahon adabiyoti jurnali. 2001.№12-B. 177.
2
Bradbury Ray Short Stories. Dark Carnival - 1947/p.287/ http://www.shortstoryguide.com/ray-bradbury-short-stories/
3
Bredberi R. Muz va olov. Jahon adabiyoti jurnali. 2001.№12-B. 177.
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portunity to compare the life on the earth and the life on a damned planet even in a
dream. Layt’s dream once again proves that it was impossible for a person to live on
a damned planet.
As noted by psychologists, the image of nature, together with the external con-
ditions, is also the main factor for revealing the psychological state of characters.
The main theme of H.Shaykhov’s story “Unknown people” is connected with
the environmental problems. Its basis was formed on the description of the life of
alien beings who came to earth and are living, and their relationship with the inhabit-
ants of the Earth. As literature scientist Ozod Sharafiddinov stated, in this story Hoji-
akbar Shaikhov reflects the correlation between human feelings, values, kindness and
evil, tolerance and selfishness.
The plot of the story is told in the name of one of the characters of the work.
And it seems as if the author is also involved in the story. One of the main characters,
Uktam speaks both on behalf of the main character and on of the author.
The writer often refers to the views of landscape, the image of external condi-
tions, and he writes the following in giving the mood of the characters of the work:
“There poured rain in the mountains one day before we set out to journey. We all ran
into the tents and hid there from rain. Outside, the wind blowing and producing sounds
like hungry wolves, and the crunching of the trees was causing panic to our hearts.
The rain hit the roof of our tents continuously, and it seemed that someone was beating
our tents with some object
1
”[ Shayxov H.,2010; B.5]. From telling this landscape, the
author wanted describe the mood of young, inexperienced tourists that have decided
to conquer the snowy peaks. The writer uses such details as “the wind blowing and
producing sounds like hungry wolves”, “the crunching of trees”, “the rain hit the roof
of our tents continuously”, and “someone was beating our tents with some object”,
in order to reflect the fear, panic, and danger in the hearts of the main characters. The
image of natural events such as “flood invasion”, “stone falling” show the horror that
conquered the hearts of the characters in a more vivid way. One of the characters of
the work once again emphasizes the fear by telling that when he reached the half of
the bridge “the bridge was rocked as if someone cut it with an ax”. In giving the mood
of the characters, the landscape is filled with portrait drawings of the characters of the
work, such as “slender”, “fat”, “heavy”, “an owner of strong hand” etc.
Ray Bradbury and Hojiakbar Shaikhov widely use such elements not only in
their works on a small prose, but also in works on a large genre, giving the mood of
their characters. In this sense, we have observed both similar and different features
of the themes, artistic and psychological aspects of the novels of American fiction
writer Ray Bradbury “451 degree on Fahrenheit”, and Hojiakbar Shaikhov’s “Ad-
joined worlds”.
In finding similarities and differences in the artistic psychological peculiarities
Ray Bradbury's “451 degrees on Fahrenheit”, and H. Shaikhov’s novels “Adjoined
worlds”, “Wanderers of the two worlds”, we considered that it is important to find an
1
Translated from: Shayxov H.“Nomaʼlum odamlar”. –T.: - 2010.- B.5.
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object of study, and we must determine the main theme of these works. Because the
theme plays an important role in the artistic work. As literary critic H. Umirov writes:
“The theme is ...the image of events chosen by the author, which summarize specific
matters of life, calling the core of such reflected life (event) manifestations ... and the
idea to evaluate it in an emotional way”
1
.[ Umirov H.,2004.] It can be seen from these
words, the correct understanding of the subject of the work reveals the scientific fea-
tures of the analyzing the process, the opportunity to correctly interpret the problems
disposed in connection with life.
The main theme of the story “451 degree on Fahrenheit” is “preservation of a
human”, which is of course a very broad concept, covers many points, such as the
man-made crisis of society, the ability to resist those who promote mass culture, the
prevention of the threat of war that would bring disaster to the head of mankind. The
main theme of Shaykhov’s novel “Adjoined worlds” is: to awaken a person from ig-
norance and achieve perfection. We can see these ideas in O.Sharafiddinov’s words:
“the writer does not only think to make the reader’s mind busy, but also exposes a
person’s human manners, turning to the conscience of a person, awakening him from
his ignorance and making him more harmonious. Therefore, at the root of Hojiak-
bar’s works, there lie the meaning, honesty of human life, and the issues of purity”
2
.[
Shayxov.H., 2001;B7] .
In the works of these two writers – Ray Bradbury and Hojiakbar Shakhov there
is one common intersectional point – caring about the human fate. In this sense, they
focused their attention on the struggle between the material world and the world of
spirituality, their combined influence, goodness and evil, truthfulness and curvature,
tolerance and selfishness in their works.
In this way, we see that the struggle for the preservation of human and good
deeds, unites two writers living in two poles of the world. The issue that occupied
their minds – the material and eternal worlds, the problems of spiritual maturity and
degradation for centuries interested prominent people of the East (A.Yassavi, Mashr-
ab, A. Navoi, Mahtumkuli) and the West (Dante, Gyote, Vega). Our thoughts in this
sense find their proof in Radhakrishna’s words sited by Dyurishin: “The unity of ex-
isting views can be explained by the following: the authors, who create works in dif-
ferent languages, are inspired by a common source and face the same emotional and
intellectual experience on many or little levels”
3
.[ Dyurishin D.,1979;S.70].
When we say a common source, we mean “universal heritage”, “factors that
have established a specific religious-philosophical understanding of the universe,
“emotional and intellectual experience”. They can create an ideological unanimity
between the works of authors. The issues that make up the priority line of Ray Brad-
beri and H. Shaikhov’s fiction works are also fed from this common source. In this
sense, the possibilities of fiction and its manifestations (such as scientific, household,
1
Translated from: Umirov H. Аdabiyotshunoslik nazariyasi. “А. Qodiriy nomidagi xalq merosi”. –T.: 2004. – B. 115.
2
Translated from: Shayxov.H. Tutash olamlar, Ikki jahon ovorasi romanlar. Soʼz boshi. Sharafiddinov O. Hojiakbarning sirli
olami.-T.: Sharq,. 2001. - B7.
3
Dyurishin D. Teoriya stavnitelnogo izucheniya literaturi. – M.: Progress, 1979. – S. 70.
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fairy tale, and philosophical fiction) are pretty large. That is, there is a wide field for
imagination. Not only imagination, but also reality (behind the curtain of fiction) and
social views of the writer are also reflected in such works.
If R.Bradbury’s novel “451 degrees on Fahrenheit” is written in the genre of
science fiction, then H. Shaykhov’s novel “Adjoined worlds” is a mystical-fantastic
novel. H. Sheikhov describes his scientific views in the mystical “shell”. The fact that
the writer writes a work using specific method of fiction is connected with the indi-
vidual side of the issue discussed in the work.
Main characters of the fiction work live on a different planet, galaxies. They can
be described in the forms of robots, creatures, demons, and as a creature, which has a
human like appearance or do not resemble people at all.
The main characters of the novel “451 degrees on Fahrenheit” are: Montague,
Captain Bitty, Faber, Clarissa, Milldrid and a fantastic character “men books” Granger
and a mechanical dog. All of them merge around Montague. That is, they serve to fill
the image of Montague.
The main heroes of the novel “Adjoined worlds”, written by Hojiakbar Shai-
khov are three sisters, named Nazira Nargiza and Nafisa. The writer describes these
sisters as people with fantastic features. That is, they have the property of seeing the
future in advance and communicating with the spirits of the dead people. The story
also has the spirits of such saints as Hazrat Ghavsul Azam, Sheikh Tahur, Haja Asror
Vali, Tilla Sheikh as the characters, and they support these three sisters.
The characters with evil intentions – the gang of devils Ulispir, Nuj, Nut, Yaos
and their slaves – Bolta, Tesha and Uroq are put against the main heroes of the novel
– Nazira, Nargiza, and Nafisa, who are characters with noble intentions. Gulshoda
Bonu was previously one of the faithful people of Nazira’s family. In order to get the
Yashm stone and become wealthy, her satanic character prevails the nobility, and she
enters the service of the those young men gang and Ulispir. For the sake of wealth,
the Nazarene first tries to bring the sickle to the fortune teller. Later, she leaves these
bad people and brings the stone to the nephew of the supreme ruler Uluspir – Samug,
who is a son of Kain.
As we see, the images that draw our attention have peculiar features of their
characters, internal aspirations, and spiritual worldview. In this sense, it should men-
tioned, creating a real image of people is an important feature of author’s artistry. And
through the psychological analysis of the works it is possible to get a deeper idea of
the creative and the spiritual world of the characters of the work.
The first part of the novel “451 degrees on Fahrenheit” was called as “Shelter
and Samandar”. The writer begins the novel with a landscape and a portrait. As it well
known “the landscape serves as a means of opening the hearts of the characters of the
work. The usage of landscape in expressing the characters’ mental state can serve to the
formation of parallelism or contrast”
1
.[ Xotamov N, Sarimsoqov., 1979;B. 228-229].
1
Xotamov N, Sarimsoqov B “Аdabiyotshunoslik terminlarining ruscha –oʼzbekcha izohli lugʼati.” T.: Oʼqituvchi -1979. B.
228-229.
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The main hero of Ray Bradbury’s novel “451 degree of Fahrenheit” Montague
is a firefighter. His task is to burn the.
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