Buxoro davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti "tasdiqlayman"

53. PRESETT- 
Pre service teacher training 
54. Pre-systematic error - 
An error made by a learner 
before 
s/he has learned the 
structure or vocabulary item s/he is attempting to use 
55. Reflective practice; reflective teaching - 
An approach to teaching, 
professional development and teacher education which is based on the assumption 
that teachers can improve their understanding of teaching and the quality of their 
own teaching by reflecting critically on their teaching experience. In teacher 
education programmes, activities which seek to develop a reflective approach to 
teaching aim to develop the skills of considering the teaching process thoughtfully, 
analytically and objectively, as a way of improving classroom practices. 
This may involve the use of: 
1. journals in which student teachers or practising teachers write about and 
describe classroom experiences and use their descriptions as abasis for review and 
reflection 
2. audio and video taping of a teacher’s lesson by the teacher, for purposes of later 
review and reflection 
3. group discussion with peers or a supervisor in order to explore issues that come 
out of classroom experience 
56. Reflection on learning - 
An approach to classroom or professional learning 
which builds in time for reviewing and thinking over each learning experience 
57. Role play - 
Classroom activities in which students take the 
roles 
of different 
participants in a situation and act out what might typically happen in that situation. 
For example, to practise how to express complaints and apologies in a foreign 
language, students might have to role-play a situation in which a customer in a 
shop returns a faulty article to a salesperson 
58. Scanning - 
A type of speed reading technique which is used when the reader 
wants to locate a particular piece of information without necessarily understanding 
the rest of a text or passage. 
For example
, the reader may read a chapter of a book as rapidly as possible in 
order to find out information about a particular date, such as when someone was 
born.
Scanning may be contrasted with 
skimming
 
or 
skim reading
, which is a type of 
rapid reading used when the reader wants to get the main idea or ideas from a 
passage. 
For example
, a reader may skim-read a chapter to find out if the writer approves or 
disapproves of something.